Association of intravascular enhancement sign detected on high-resolution vessel wall imaging with ischaemic events in middle cerebral artery occlusion

High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging in ischemic stroke and carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis: A review

“…Future research directions are aimed at enhancing the capabilities of HR-VWI. These directions include but are not limited to, improving the resolution of scanned images, enhancing tissue contrast, reducing scanning time, and exploring the fusion of vascular wall imaging characteristics derived from HR-VWI with hemodynamic factors, such as vascular wall shear forces [ 49 , 134 ]. Scanning time must be shortened to make HR-VWI more clinically feasible, and reduce patient inconvenience and the burden on healthcare systems [ 135 ].…”

“…Furthermore, the fusion of vascular wall imaging characteristics with hemodynamic factors can aid in comprehensively understanding atherosclerosis pathophysiology, possibly leading to improved risk stratification and personalized treatment approaches. These research directions are promising for advancing the HR-VWI field and expanding its role in clinical practice [ 134 , [135] , [136] ]. With the accumulation of multi-parameter data obtained through HR-VWI, artificial intelligence (AI) can be integrated to provide more reliable and accurate data for assessing CAS and predicting stroke risk [ 137 , [138] , [139] ].…”