Association of Maternal Lactation With Diabetes and Hypertension

Rameez, Rabel Misbah; Sadana, Divyajot; Kaur, Simrat; Ahmed, Taha; Patel, Jay; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Misbah, Sarah; Simonson, Marian; Riaz, Haris; Ahmed, Haitham M.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13401

Cited by 101 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Ra and Kim showed that in postmenopausal women, breastfeeding was not significantly associated with the presence of MetS, but decreased the likelihood of abdominal obesity [29]. Moreover, a meta-analysis of studies including over 200,000 women showed that breastfeeding for at least 12 months was associated with a relative risk reduction of 30% for type 2 diabetes and 13% for hypertension [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Perimenopausal Women

et al. 2020

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Little is known about the long-term benefits of breastfeeding for mother’s metabolic health. This study aimed to investigate the links between breastfeeding duration and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in perimenopausal women. The analysis included a group of 7621 women aged 55.4 ± 5.4 years. MetS and its components were defined according to the International Diabetes Federation guidelines. Women who breastfed for 13–18 months and beyond 18 months were at lower risk of MetS (odds ratio OR) = 0.76, 95% CI 0.60–0.95; p = 0.017 and OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.64–0.98; p = 0.030, respectively) than those who never breastfed. Meanwhile, women who breastfed for 7–12 months showed increased glucose concentration (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.63–0.94; p = 0.012) compared with those who had never breastfed. The additional analysis involving parity showed that women who had given birth to two babies and breastfed them had lower odds of MetS than those who never breastfed (p < 0.05), although there was no significant difference among women who breastfed for >18 months. Women who had given birth to at least three children and breastfed for 1–6 and 13–18 months had lower odds of MetS and increased triglyceride concentration (p < 0.05). Moreover, participants having breastfed for 1–6 months were found to have a reduced risk of abdominal obesity compared with those who had not breastfed (p < 0.05). Breastfeeding is associated with lower prevalence of MetS in perimenopausal women and can be recommended as a way of reducing the risk of MetS and its components.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Perimenopausal Women

et al. 2020

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“…There is mounting evidence that breastfeeding decreases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes for newborns exposed to type 2 diabetes in utero (47,48). However, with only 39% of women in the cohort initiating breastfeeding, there is opportunity to intervene with improved education and breastfeeding supports postnatally.…”

Section: Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Outcomes in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort of First Nations Mothers With Pregestational Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring: The Next Generation Study

Pylypjuk

Sellers

Wicklow

2021

Canadian Journal of Diabetes

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“…Breastfeeding has a potential role in women’s cardiometabolic health ( 8 , 9 ), including type 2 diabetes prevention ( 10 – 12 ). In ongoing large-scale prospective cohorts of >150,000 parous women in the U.S. ( 13 ), longer duration of lactation was associated with lower risk for type 2 diabetes later in life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactation Duration and Long-term Risk for Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Ley

Chavarro

et al. 2020

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVEWe examined the association of lactation duration with incident type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe monitored 4,372 women with a history of GDM participating in the Nurses' Health Study II for incident type 2 diabetes over 25 years up to 2017. Lactation history was obtained through follow-up questionnaires to calculate lactation duration. Follow-up blood samples were collected from a subset of these women at median age of 58 years through the Diabetes & Women's Health Study. RESULTSWe documented 873 incident cases of type 2 diabetes during 87,411 person-years of follow-up. Longer duration of lactation was associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes for both total lactation (hazard ratio 1.05 [95% CI 0.83-1.34] for up to 6 months, 0.91 [0.72-1.16] for 6-12 months, 0.85 [0.67-1.06] for 12-24 months, and 0.73 [0.57-0.93] for >24 months, compared with 0 months; P-trend 5 0.003) and exclusive breastfeeding (P-trend 5 0.002) after adjustment for age, ethnicity, family history of diabetes, parity, age at first birth, smoking, diet quality, physical activity, and prepregnancy BMI. Longer duration of lactation was also associated with lower HbA 1c , fasting plasma insulin, and C-peptide concentrations among women without type 2 diabetes at follow-up (all adjusted P-trend £0.04). CONCLUSIONSLonger duration of lactation is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes and a favorable glucose metabolic biomarker profile among women with a history of GDM. The underlying mechanisms and impact on diabetes complications, morbidity, and mortality remain to be determined.As women undergo changes in metabolism to meet the demands of the growing fetus and to prepare for delivery and lactation (1), they often experience deterioration in insulin sensitivity during normal pregnancy (2). Although most women maintain glucose homeostasis by a compensatory increase in insulin secretion (1,3), this compensatory mechanism is insufficient in some women, resulting in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which affects ;5-9% of pregnancies in the U.S. (4,5). Because women with a history of GDM are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes later in life (6,7), it is critical to identify modifiable determinants of type 2 diabetes risk prevention specific for these high-risk women.

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Association of Maternal Lactation With Diabetes and Hypertension

Cited by 101 publications

References 54 publications

Breastfeeding and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Perimenopausal Women

Breastfeeding and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Perimenopausal Women

Perinatal Outcomes in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort of First Nations Mothers With Pregestational Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring: The Next Generation Study

Lactation Duration and Long-term Risk for Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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