Association of Mediterranean Diet Adherence with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric, and Lifestyle Factors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greece

Pavlidou, Eleni; Papadopoulou, Sousana K.; Mentzelou, Maria; Dakanalis, Antonios; Vorvolakos, Theofanis; Antasouras, Georgios; Spanoudaki, Maria; Pandi, Aimilia-Lynn; Serdari, Aspasia; Chrysafi, Maria; Dimoliani, Sofia; Giaginis, Constantinos

doi:10.3390/nu15194123

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Another disadvantage of our survey is related to the fact that in the last months of our study (April 2020), the COVID-19 pandemic spread to our country, which could result in unfavorable disruptions of daily living habits by having harmful impacts on various aspects of human well-being globally [109]. This reinforces the strong demand to perform future studies to examine whether healthy dietary patterns such as MD adherence could attenuate or even co-treat the deleterious effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in diverse aspects of people's daily life, as well as whether the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively affect the socio-demographic, anthropometry, and lifestyle characteristics in the daily life of the general population as well as of pregnant women [110].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Association of Pregnant Women’s Perinatal Depression with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Perinatal and Postnatal Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Jacovides,

Papadopoulou,

Pavlidou

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: In recent decades, the incidence of depression has gradually increased in the general population globally. Depression is also common during gestation and could result in detrimental gestational complications for both the mother and the fetus. The survey presented aimed to evaluate whether pregnant women’s perinatal depression could be associated with socio-demographic, anthropometry and lifestyle factors, and perinatal and postnatal outcomes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey conducted on 5314 pregnant women. Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were recorded by relevant questionnaires via face-to-face interviews. Anthropometric parameters were measured by qualified personnel. Perinatal depressive symptomatology status was evaluated by Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II) questionnaire. Results: Depressive symptoms throughout gestation were found in 35.1% of the enrolled women. Perinatal depression was significantly associated with lower educational and economic level, pre-pregnancy regular smoking and reduced levels of Mediterranean diet adherence levels, a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes and preterm birth, as well as a higher incidence of delivering by caesarean section and abnormal childbirth weight. Perinatal depression was also significantly associated with a higher prevalence of maternal postpartum depression and lower prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practices, as well as with a higher incidence of childhood asthma. Conclusions: Pregnant women’s perinatal depression appears to be associated with various socio-demographic, anthropometry, and lifestyle characteristics and with a higher frequency of several adverse pregnancy complications. The present findings emphasize the importance of pregnant women’s perinatal mental health, highlighting the need to develop and apply public strategies and policies for psychological counseling and support of future mothers to minimize probable risk factors that may trigger perinatal depression. Novel well-organized, follow-up surveys of enhanced validity are highly recommended to establish more definitive conclusions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Association of Pregnant Women’s Perinatal Depression with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Perinatal and Postnatal Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Jacovides,

Papadopoulou,

Pavlidou

et al. 2024

JCM

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“…This inverse relation persisted as robust within subgroups, as well as in sensitivity analyses [54]. A more recent cross-sectional survey including 3721 adults was performed to assess the possible relation of MD compliance with several sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 pandemic period [55]. The above study showed that a higher MD adherence was independently associated with a lower probability of central obesity, enhanced physical activity, higher sleep quality, improved quality of life, and lower risk of anxiety and depression throughout the COVID-19 pandemic [81].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Evidence on the Potential Beneficial Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements against COVID-19 Infection Risk and Symptoms’ Severity

Pavlidou,

Poulios,

Papadopoulou

et al. 2024

Medical Sciences

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Background: Diet and dietary supplements aim to add trace elements, vitamins, and minerals to the body to improve human health and boost the immune system. In the previous few years, the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strain has been threatening the health of individuals and public health more broadly, with rates of intensive care unit cases on the rise, while long-term COVID-19 complications are persisting until today. In the peculiar circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic, in combination with disease prevention techniques, the strengthening of the immune system is considered particularly important to enable it to effectively respond to and eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogen in the event of infection. The purpose of the current literature review is to thoroughly summarize and critically analyze the current clinical data concerning the potential beneficial effects of diet and dietary supplements against COVID-19 infection risk and symptoms’ severity. The micronutrients/supplements examined in this study in relation to COVID-19 infection are vitamins A, B, C, and D, zinc, selenium, magnesium, iron, omega-3 fatty acids, glutamine, resveratrol, beta-glucans, and probiotics. The potential effects of dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet against SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and symptoms’ severity were also analyzed. Our literature review suggests that micro- and macronutrient supplementation and a healthy diet and lifestyle may provide support to immune system function, with beneficial effects both before and during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, additional studies are recommended to draw safe conclusions and formulate dietary recommendations concerning dietary supplements and their possible effects on preventing and co-treating COVID-19 disease.

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“…The quarterly meetings and nutritional interventions were based on nutritional evaluations (anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary analyses) and quantitative and qualitative nutritional strategies, through the elaboration of a personalized food plan, based on the guidelines postulated in the following references: Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population-Ministry of Health/Brazil [25]; International guidelines from the American Diabetes Association 2023 [2,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17], the European Society of Cardiology 2023 [3], and the International Diabetes Federation 2021 [1]; the National guidelines from the Brazilian Diabetes Society (SBD) 2023 [23] and the Brazilian Society of Cardiology 2021 [12]; the Mediterranean Diet [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][57][58][59][60]; the Diet Approach to Stop Hypertension-DASH [37][38][39][40][61][62][63]; the Lifestyle Interventions in T2D-"Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes)" [18][19][20][21]; the Carbohydrate Counting Manual-SBD 2021 [24].…”

Section: Nutritional Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of a Nutritional Intervention on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Type 2 Diabetes

Minari,

Manzano,

Tácito

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Introduction: Nutritional management plays a crucial role in treating patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), working to prevent and control the progression of chronic non-communicable diseases. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of individualized nutritional interventions on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR)} over 12 months and subsequently at follow-up (15 months). Methods: This longitudinal experimental study (without randomization and blinding) enrolled 84 sedentary participants with T2D (both sexes, aged 18–80 years). They were divided into a control group of 40 participants who received only medical consultations, and an intervention group of 44 participants who received the same medical care along with a nutritional assessment. Consultations occurred quarterly from August 2020 to November 2022 (first–twelfth month), with six to nine patients per session. Subsequently, a follow-up was conducted from December 2022 to November 2023, during which the intervention group had only medical care (during the 12th–15th months). Personalized dietary planning was inspired by the Mediterranean/DASH diets adapted to Brazilian foods and socioeconomic cultures. Statistical Analysis: Normal variables were compared between groups for each time point and also within each group across different time points using a two-way ANOVA (repeated measures for intragroup) followed by the Šídák post hoc test. Non-normal variables were compared between groups for each time point using Kruskal–Wallis followed by the Dunn post hoc test, and within each group across different time points using Friedman followed by the Dunn post hoc test. Data with a Gaussian distribution were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), and data with a non-Gaussian distribution were presented as median ± interquartile range (IQR). For all cases, α < 0.05 and p < 0.05 were adopted. Results: In the intervention group, significant reductions were observed between the first and twelfth month for all parameters (p < 0.05), (except for TC), along with an increase in HDL-C (p = 0.0105). Conversely, in the control group, there was a significant increase in HbA1c, weight, BMI, FBG, and WHR (p < 0.05) between the first and twelfth months. Regarding the comparison between groups, there was a significant difference for all analyzed parameters (p < 0.05) from the first to the twelfth month. In the follow-up, differences were also observed (p < 0.05), except for BMI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The individualized nutritional intervention improved eating habits, anthropometric, biochemical, and cardiovascular markers in T2D over 12 months, with sustained results during follow-up. The dietary plan inspired by the Mediterranean and DASH diets demonstrated good adaptation to the Brazilian food culture and the patients’ socioeconomic contexts. Consistent monitoring and personalized nutritional management are essential for optimizing long-term outcomes. However, more clinical trials are necessary in order to optimize the level of evidence for longitudinal interventions.

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Association of Mediterranean Diet Adherence with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric, and Lifestyle Factors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greece

Cited by 5 publications

References 81 publications

Association of Pregnant Women’s Perinatal Depression with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Perinatal and Postnatal Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Association of Pregnant Women’s Perinatal Depression with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Perinatal and Postnatal Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Clinical Evidence on the Potential Beneficial Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements against COVID-19 Infection Risk and Symptoms’ Severity

The Impact of a Nutritional Intervention on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Type 2 Diabetes

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