Association of milk consumption frequency on muscle mass and strength: an analysis of three representative Korean population studies

Lee, Jun‐Hyuk; Lee, Hye Sun; Kim, Hyungmi; Kwon, Yu‐Jin; Lee, Jiwon

doi:10.1007/s00394-019-02164-5

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Our results showed that dairy protein intake was associated with a decreased risk of developing a low SMI in men, but not in women. Contrary to our results, most previous studies on the association between dairy consumption and muscle mass did not show differences between men and women [ 24 , 27 , 50 , 61 ]. In addition, a Swedish cohort study reported a stronger association between milk intake and fractures in women than in men [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…We observed an inverse association between dairy protein intake and the risk of developing a low SMI among Korean men after adjusting for covariates. This finding is consistent with the results a study conducted in Korea [ 27 ] as well as of those conducted in other countries [ 23 , 50 ]. The previous Korean study, including three different population-based cohorts, reported that the consumption of ≥1 servings of milk per day was significantly associated with a higher SMI and muscle strength [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This finding is consistent with the results a study conducted in Korea [ 27 ] as well as of those conducted in other countries [ 23 , 50 ]. The previous Korean study, including three different population-based cohorts, reported that the consumption of ≥1 servings of milk per day was significantly associated with a higher SMI and muscle strength [ 27 ]. In a cross-sectional study of elderly Australian women [ 23 ] and a randomized clinical trial of elderly Mexicans [ 50 ], dairy protein intake had a significant positive effect on muscle mass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In men, the highest milk consumption frequency (≥1 serving/day) was associated with a lower risk of developing a low SMI, compared to the lowest milk consumption frequency. In most previous Korean studies, the consumption of ≥1 serving of milk per day decreased the risks of developing a low skeletal muscle mass [ 27 ] and metabolic syndrome [ 11 , 13 ]. In a study of Australian women, those in the highest tertile of dairy consumption (≥2.2 servings/day) had a significantly greater whole lean mass and appendicular skeletal muscle mass than those in the lowest tertile (≤1.5 servings/day) [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some clinical intervention studies on dairy proteins, such as ricotta cheese and milk, failed to demonstrate an effect of these products on muscle mass and strength [ 25 , 26 ]. To date, only one prospective study reported an inverse association between dairy consumption frequency and the risk of developing low muscle mass in Korean adults [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Dairy Protein Intake on Muscle Mass among Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

Joung

2020

Nutrients

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This cohort study aimed to identify the associations of dairy protein intake with the risk of developing a low muscle mass during a 12-year follow-up period, using data from 4412 middle-aged Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study participants with a normal baseline muscle mass. Dairy protein intake at baseline was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), defined as the weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass, was measured biennially using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyses. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, 395 subjects developed a low SMI (%) during an average follow-up of 141 (19–152) months. The average consumption of milk and other dairy products was 73.6 and 104.1 g/day, respectively. In men, a higher dairy protein intake was associated with a decreased risk of developing a low SMI (tertile 3 [T3] vs. T1, HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.94; p for trend = 0.029). In a stratified analysis according to a total protein intake, this association was stronger in the lower-protein intake group (HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.99; p for trend = 0.036) but not detected in the higher-protein intake group. Men who consumed milk ≥1 time/day had a significantly lower risk of developing a low SMI (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.98; p for trend = 0.023). No significant associations were observed in women. In summary, dairy consumption appears to be beneficial for decreasing the risk of developing a low muscle mass in middle-aged Korean men.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Dairy Protein Intake on Muscle Mass among Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

Joung

2020

Nutrients

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D‐galactose might mediate some of the skeletal muscle hypertrophy‐promoting effects of milk—A nutrient to consider for sarcopenia?

Homolak,

Babic Perhoc,

Virag

et al. 2023

BioEssays

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Sarcopenia is a process of progressive aging‐associated loss of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) recognized as a serious global health issue contributing to frailty and increased all‐cause mortality. Exercise and nutritional interventions (particularly intake of dairy products and milk) demonstrate good efficacy, safety, and broad applicability. Here, we propose that at least some of the well‐documented favorable effects of milk and milk‐derived protein supplements on SMM might be mediated by D‐galactose, a monosaccharide present in large quantities in milk in the form of disaccharide lactose (milk sugar). We suggest that ingestion of dairy products results in exposure to D‐galactose in concentrations metabolized primarily via the Leloir pathway with the potential to (i) promote anabolic signaling via maintenance of growth factor (e.g., insulin‐like growth factor 1 [IGF‐1]) receptor mature glycosylation patterns; and (ii) provide extracellular (liver glycogen) and intracellular substrates for short (muscle glycolysis) and long‐term (muscle glycogen, intramyocellular lipids) energy availability. Additionally, D‐galactose might optimize the metabolic function of skeletal muscles by increasing mitochondrial content and stimulating glucose and fatty acid utilization. The proposed potential of D‐galactose to promote the accretion of SMM is discussed in the context of its therapeutic potential in sarcopenia.

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2′-Fucosyllactose improved muscle health in middle-aged mice performing forced swimming exercise

Kim,

Shin,

Yoon

et al. 2024

Journal of Functional Foods

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Association of milk consumption frequency on muscle mass and strength: an analysis of three representative Korean population studies

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Effect of Dairy Protein Intake on Muscle Mass among Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

Effect of Dairy Protein Intake on Muscle Mass among Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

D‐galactose might mediate some of the skeletal muscle hypertrophy‐promoting effects of milk—A nutrient to consider for sarcopenia?

2′-Fucosyllactose improved muscle health in middle-aged mice performing forced swimming exercise

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