Association of Neighborhood Geographic Spatial Factors With Rates of Childhood Obesity

Fang, Di; Thomsen, Michael R.; Nayga, Rodolfo M.; Goudie, Anthony

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0954

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Given its high prevalence and severe impact on health outcomes, researchers had poured attention into the modifiable determinants and driving factors of childhood OW/OB. Several studies have found that childhood OW/OB is multifactorial and complex and is considered to result when various genetic, behavioural, environmental, physiological, social and cultural factors interact 13–16. It is increasingly recognised that where we live has an impact on our health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GIS has been employed in several innovative studies of OW/OB. For example, to explore regional variations and spatial clustering of obesity rates and to identify locations for targeted obesity intervention efforts 16 18 22–24. In addition, most of the previous analysis was conducted using large geographical units such as provincial or city level, making it difficult to provide effective implementation of local policies or decisions for obesity prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An exploratory spatial analysis of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Shandong, China

Qin

Wang

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveIdentifying the spatial patterns of childhood overweight/obesity (OW/OB) can help to guide resource allocation for preventive intervention in China. This study aims to estimate rates of childhood OW/OB across counties within Shandong Province, using geographic techniques to identify sex-specific spatial patterns of childhood OW/OB as well as the presence of spatial clusters.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingShandong Province in China.Participants and methodsData on 6 216 076 children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from the Primary and Secondary Schoolchildren Physical Examination Database for Shandong Province were used in this study. Spatial patterns of sex-specific prevalence of childhood OW/OB were mapped. Global autocorrelation statistic (Moran’s I) and the Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) were applied to assess the degree of spatial autocorrelation.ResultsThe overall prevalence of childhood OW/OB in Shandong province were 15.05% and 9.23%, respectively. Maps of the sex-specific prevalence of OW/OB demonstrate a marked geographical variation of childhood OW/OB in different regions. Prevalence of childhood OW/OB had a significant positive spatial autocorrelation among both boys and girls. LISA analysis identified significant clusters (or ‘hot spots’) of childhood OW/OB in the eastern coastal region, central region and southwestern region.ConclusionsThe prevalence of childhood OW/OB is highly spatially clustered. Geographically focused appropriate intervention should be introduced in current childhood OW/OB prevention and control strategy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory spatial analysis of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Shandong, China

Qin

Wang

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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“…At the neighborhood level, socioeconomic inequalities contribute to between-neighborhood differences in social and built environments, which impact obesity via more proximate factors (e.g., health behaviors; food markets; Schulz & Northridge 2004; Dubowitz et al, 2012; Inagami, Cohen, Brown, & Asch, 2009). A growing body of literature demonstrates several aspects of the socioeconomic, built, and social environment of a neighborhood contributes to unhealthy weight status during later childhood (Carroll-Scott et al, 2013; Fang, Thomsen, Nayga, & Goudie, 2018; Saelens et al, 2018), yet little is known about the effects of neighborhood disadvantage on children’s weight and potential proximate mediating factors during the earliest years of life.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multilevel prenatal socioeconomic determinants of Mexican American children’s weight: Mediation by breastfeeding.

Curci¹,

Hernández²,

Luecken³

et al. 2020

Health Psychology

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Objective: Mexican American (MA) children are more likely to grow up in poverty than their non-Hispanic/Latinx white peers and are at an elevated risk for early onset obesity. The current study evaluated the effects of prenatal family-and neighborhood-level disadvantage on children's weight and weight gain from 12 months through 4.5 years of age. Maternal breastfeeding duration was evaluated as a potential mechanism underlying the relation between multilevel disadvantage and weight. Methods: Data was collected from 322 low-income, MA mother-child dyads. Women reported the degree of family socioeconomic disadvantage and breastfeeding status. Neighborhood disadvantage was evaluated with census-level metrics. Children's weight and height were measured at laboratory visits. Results: Greater prenatal neighborhood disadvantage predicted higher child Body Mass Index (BMI) at 12 months, over and above family-level disadvantage; this effect remained stable through 4.5 years. Breastfeeding duration partially mediated the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on child BMI. Breastfeeding duration predicted child BMI at all timepoints. Conclusions: Maternal prenatal residence in a neighborhood with high concentrated disadvantage may place low-income, MA children at increased risk of elevated weight status during the first few years of life. Breastfeeding duration emerged as potentially modifiable pathway through which the prenatal neighborhood impacts children's early life weight.

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“…1,2 To better understand this trend, researchers have examined personal, family, institutional, community, and societal-level factors associated with greater risk for developing overweight and/or obesity in youth. 3,4 This research has shown that the prevalence of childhood obesity is unevenly distributed across geographic areas, 5,6 with higher rates in economically and socially deprived areas. [7][8][9] Furthermore, evidence indicates racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the extent to which adolescents' neighborhoods support physical activity 10 and access to food stores, restaurants, and healthy foods.…”

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confidence: 99%

Operationalizing and Testing the Concept of a Physical Activity Desert

Pate¹,

Dowda²,

Saunders³

et al. 2021

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity is higher in economically and socially deprived areas. Higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk of excessive weight gain in youth, and research has focused on environmental factors associated with children’s physical activity, though the term “physical activity desert” has not come into wide use. Methods: This exploratory study operationalized the term “physical activity desert” and tested the hypothesis that children living in physical activity deserts would be less physically active than children who do not. A cross-sectional study design was applied with 992 fifth-grade students who had provided objectively measured physical activity data. Five of 12 possible elements of the built environment were selected as descriptors of physical activity deserts, including no commercial facilities, no parks, low play spaces, no cohesion, and the presence of incivilities. Results: Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that only the absence of parks was associated with less physical activity in children. Conclusion: Children living in a “no park” zone were less active than their counterparts who lived near a park. This study contributes preliminary conceptual and operational definitions of “physical activity desert.” Future studies of physical activity deserts should be undertaken in larger and more diverse samples.

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Association of Neighborhood Geographic Spatial Factors With Rates of Childhood Obesity

Abstract: This study uses census block data in Arkansas to investigate spatial patterns in childhood obesity between the 2003-2004 and 2014-2015 academic years and to distinguish obesity risk attributable to social contagion vs neighborhood contextual factors.

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

An exploratory spatial analysis of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Shandong, China

An exploratory spatial analysis of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Shandong, China

Multilevel prenatal socioeconomic determinants of Mexican American children’s weight: Mediation by breastfeeding.

Operationalizing and Testing the Concept of a Physical Activity Desert

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