Association of nonpharmacological interventions for cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Liu, Xueyan; Wang, Guangpeng; Cao, Yingjuan

doi:10.1007/s40520-022-02333-3

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Since the influential meta-analytic study conducted by Colcombe and Kramer [ 6 ], the effect of exercise on EFs and episodic memory has been examined in numerus meta-analyses [ 33 – 47 ]. However, some reviews included only healthy populations [ 39 , 40 , 46 ], while others included only cognitively impaired or demented older adults [ 34 , 35 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 48 ]. Chen et al [ 36 ] included both healthy and cognitively impaired older adults but not demented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic physical exercise on executive functions and episodic memory in clinical and healthy older adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Ballesteros,

Audifren,

Badache

et al. 2024

Syst Rev

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Background Executive functions (EFs) and episodic memory are fundamental components of cognition that deteriorate with age and are crucial for independent living. While numerous reviews have explored the effect of exercise on these components in old age, these reviews screened and analyzed selected older adult populations, or specific exercise modes, thus providing only limited answers to the fundamental question on the effect of exercise on cognition in old age. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and multilevel meta-analytic study aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of different types of chronic exercise in improving and/or maintaining EFs and long-term episodic memory in older adults. Methods and analysis The study protocol was written in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Several databases will be searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in older adults aged ≥ 60 years providing any kind of planned, structured, and repetitive exercise interventions, and EFs and/or episodic memory measures as outcomes, published in English in peer-reviewed journals and doctoral dissertations will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen the selected articles, while a third reviewer will resolve possible conflicts. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool will be used to assess the quality of the studies. Finally, data will be extracted from the selected articles, and the formal method of combining individual data from the selected studies will be applied using a random effect multilevel meta-analysis. The data analysis will be conducted with the metafor package in R. Discussion and conclusion This review will synthesize the existing evidence and pinpoint gaps existing in the literature on the effects of exercise on EFs and episodic memory in healthy and unhealthy older adults. Findings from this meta-analysis will help to design effective exercise interventions for older adults to improve and/or maintain EFs and episodic memory. Its results will be useful for many researchers and professionals working with older adults and their families. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42022367111.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic physical exercise on executive functions and episodic memory in clinical and healthy older adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Ballesteros,

Audifren,

Badache

et al. 2024

Syst Rev

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“…Currently, physical exercises are the core of these interventions, which have been found to ameliorate physical frailty 54 . These interventions however, have also been identified as an effective treatment for depressed mood/depressive disorder 55,56 and to improve cognitive function in LLD 57 . A possible explanation that physical exercise may improve depressive symptoms as well as cognitive function is that it may target different neurobiological mechanisms that underlie mood and cognitive functioning 58 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If frailty is present, it may be advisable to treat physical frailty in LLD, for example, with a physical training programme. As physical exercise has been found to reduce physical frailty 54 and to improve depressive symptoms and cognitive function in LLD 55–57 . Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of physical exercise as a possible (adjuvant) treatment option in frail depressed persons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related subtypes of late life depression and mortality: A prospective clinical cohort study

Lugtenburg,

Zuidersma,

Rius Ottenheim

et al. 2024

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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ObjectivesLate Life Depression (LLD) is associated with increased mortality rates, but it remains unclear which depressed patients are at increased risk. This study examined the mortality risk of previously identified subgroups of depressed older patients based on age‐related clinical features (the presence of physical and cognitive frailty).MethodsA six‐year follow‐up of a clinical cohort study including 375 depressed older patients and 132 non‐depressed persons (NESDO). Depressed patients were diagnosed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) according to DSM‐IV criteria and classified by latent profile analysis on depressive symptom severity, cognitive domains and physical frailty. We estimated the hazard rate of mortality for the four depressed subgroups compared to non‐depressed persons by applying Cox‐regression analyses. Models were adjusted for age, sex and education as confounders and for explanatory variables per pathway in separate models: somatic burden, lifestyle characteristics, vascular burden or inflammation markers.ResultsA total of 61/375 (16.3%) depressed patients and 8/132 (6.1%) non‐depressed persons died during the 6‐year follow‐up. Two of the four subgroups (n = 186/375 (50%) of the depressed sample) had a higher hazard rate (HR) for mortality compared to non‐depressed participants, that is, frail‐depressed patients (HR = 5.25, [95%‐CI: 2.13–13.0]) and pure mild depressed patients (HR = 3.32 [95%‐CI: 1.46–7.58]) adjusted for confounders. Adding possible underlying pathways did not explain these associations.ConclusionsAge‐related features (the presence of physical and cognitive frailty) contribute to the increased mortality risk in late‐life depression. Future studies in depressed older patients should study the additional value of a clinical geriatric assessment and integrated treatment aimed to at reduce frailty and ameliorate their mortality risk.

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“…Physical inactivity seems an independent risk factor for the conversion from MCI to dementia [30], even if its role is still largely debated. Some authors proposed a positive effect of exercise for delaying the onset of dementia in people with MCI [31,32]. Supplementary Table 2 indicates all the outcomes considered for the PICO questions.…”

Section: Topic Two: Mild Cognitive Impairment (Mci)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and exercise for the prevention and management of mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a collaborative international guideline

Veronese,

Soysal,

Demurtas

et al. 2023

Eur Geriatr Med

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Background Physical activity and exercise have been suggested as effective interventions for the prevention and management of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, but there are no international guidelines. Objectives To create a set of evidence- and expert consensus-based prevention and management recommendations regarding physical activity (any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure) and exercise (a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive), applicable to a range of individuals from healthy older adults to those with MCI/dementia. Methods Guideline content was developed with input from several scientific and lay representatives’ societies. A systematic search across multidisciplinary databases was carried out until October 2021. Recommendations for prevention and management were developed according to the GRADE and complemented by consensus statements from the expert panels. Recommendations Physical activity may be considered for the primary prevention of dementia. In people with MCI there is continued uncertainty about the role of physical activity in slowing the conversion to dementia. Mind–body interventions have the greatest supporting evidence. In people with moderate dementia, exercise may be used for maintaining disability and cognition. All these recommendations were based on a very low/low certainty of evidence. Conclusions Although the scientific evidence on the beneficial role of physical activity and exercise in preserving cognitive functions in subjects with normal cognition, MCI or dementia is inconclusive, this panel, composed of scientific societies and other stakeholders, recommends their implementation based on their beneficial effects on almost all facets of health.

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Association of nonpharmacological interventions for cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Effects of chronic physical exercise on executive functions and episodic memory in clinical and healthy older adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Effects of chronic physical exercise on executive functions and episodic memory in clinical and healthy older adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Age‐related subtypes of late life depression and mortality: A prospective clinical cohort study

Physical activity and exercise for the prevention and management of mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a collaborative international guideline

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