Association of NOS2A gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis in Chinese Holstein cattle

Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a global zoonotic disease that has detrimental economic impacts worldwide. The NOS2A gene plays a key role in immunological control of many infectious diseases. However, research on the association between NOS2A polymorphisms and bTB infection in Holstein cattle reared on the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau of China is scarce. This study investigated a possible linkage between NOS2A polymorphisms and risk of developing bTB in Chinese Holstein cattle. The NOS2A gene was genotyped in 144 bTB-infected Holstein cows and 139 healthy controls were genotyped through nucleotide sequencing. Ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, six of which were associated with susceptibility/resistance patterns of bTB. Furthermore, the C/T genotypes of 671 and 2793, and T/T genotype of E22 (+15) were significantly associated with susceptibility risk; the G/A genotype of 2857, T/T genotype of E9 (+65), and C/C genotype of E9 (+114) probably increased resistance to bTB. In addition, the haplotypes of NOS2A-2 and NOS2A-9 were risk factors for bTB susceptibility, while the NOS2A-5 and NOS2A-8 haplotypes were contributing protective variants against tuberculosis. There is a significant association between variation in SNPs of NOS2A and tuberculosis susceptibility/resistance pattern. These findings suggest that substitution of genetic selection would be helpful for eradicating bTB. However, further investigation is required to study the underlying mechanism through which NOS2A polymorphisms affect bTB infection.

Selective breeding can contribute to bovine tuberculosis control and eradication

“…Using publicly available bovine genome assemblies, several annotated genes were identified neighbouring SNPs or being located within genomic regions associated with bTB traits in the aforementioned studies. Further studies more closely examined specific candidate genes affecting the host’s resistance or susceptibility to the disease [ 33 – 38 ]. These studies offered novel insights into the function and role of the individual genes in networks and pathways that are linked with the animal’s capacity to fight off infection.…”

The Association of Different Genetic Variants with the Development of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy

“…Some genes are more interesting in this regard, such as six SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) in the genes F2: rs1799963, F5: rs6025, F7: rs6046, NOS2: rs1137933, and PAI2: rs6103 [3]. The genes F2, F5, and F7 code for proteins involved in blood clotting [4][5][6][7]; MTHFR is a gene that plays a significant role in processing amino acids [8], and NOS2, PAI 2 are genes involved in the regulation of various physiological processes such as the relaxation of smooth muscle, regulation of central blood pressure, vasodilatation, and synaptic plasticity [9,10]. Their mutations lead to impaired functions of the enzymes that regulate the above-mentioned processes, and consequently to disorders in the regulation of the blood clotting system, blood pressure regulation, and intracranial hemorrhage and are associated with the development and severity of HIE [11].…”