Association of novel stop‐gained leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor gene (rs121912501) variant, leukaemia inhibitory factor and ovarian steroids with unexplained infertility among Pakistani women

Ali, Rabiya; Iqbal, Mehir un Nisa; Rehman, Rehana; Khan, Taseer Ahmed

doi:10.1111/ijcp.14245

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Thirteen studies compared serum progesterone levels between women with unexplained infertility and fertile controls [41,43,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. All 13 studies (n = 854) were included in the meta-analysis which reported no difference between serum progesterone levels in women with UI and controls (MD 0.74, 95% CI − 0.31-1.79, I 2 36%) (Fig.…”

Section: Serum Progesterone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous progesterone in unexplained infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Raperport

Chronopoulou

Homburg

et al. 2022

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To investigate the possibility that altered actions of endogenous progesterone affect receptivity and contribute to unexplained infertility (UI). Methods Two authors electronically searched MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase databases from inception to 6 July 2022 and hand-searched according to Cochrane methodology. We included all published primary research reporting outcomes related to endogenous progesterone in natural cycles in women with UI. Studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Score or NHLBI Score. We pooled results where appropriate using a random-effects model. Findings were reported as odds ratios or mean differences. Results We included 41 studies (n = 4023). No difference was found between the mid-luteal serum progesterone levels of women with UI compared to fertile controls (MD 0.74, − 0.31–1.79, I2 36%). Women with UI had significantly higher rates of ‘out-of-phase’ endometrium than controls. Nine out of 10 progesterone-mediated markers of endometrial receptivity were significantly reduced in women with UI compared to fertile controls (the remaining 1 had conflicting results). Resistance in pelvic vessels was increased and perfusion of the endometrium and sub-endometrium reduced in UI compared to fertile controls in all included studies. Progesterone receptor expression and progesterone uptake were also reduced in women with unexplained infertility. Conclusions End-organ measures of endogenous progesterone activity are reduced in women with UI compared to fertile controls. This apparently receptor-mediated reduction in response affects endometrial receptivity and is implicated as the cause of the infertility. Further research is required to confirm whether intervention could overcome this issue, offering a new option for treating unexplained infertility. Trial registration PROSPERO registration: CRD42020141041 06/08/2020.

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