Association of ocular diseases with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder: a retrospective case-control, population-based study

Liu, Chun-Hao; Kang, Eugene Yu-Chuan; Lin, Yu‐Hsiang; Wu, Wei‐Chi; Liu, Zhuo-Hao; Kuo, Chang‐Fu; Lai, Chi-Chun; Hwang, Yih‐Shiou

doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02881-w

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is also emerging evidence that glaucoma is a neurodegenerative condition whose occurrence precedes a range of neurodegenerative disorders [e.g., Alzheimer's disease (81) and mild cognitive impairment (82), as well as indirect evidence for glaucoma-like changes in schizophrenia, including an enlarged cup-to-disc ratio (83) and abnormalities in frequency doubling perimetry reviewed in Almonte et al (84)]. Recent findings also indicate that glaucoma often precedes a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depression by several years (85). These observations converge to suggest that some of the abnormal visual activity in schizophrenia may be secondary to reduced retinal input to the visual cortex, a hypothesis that received preliminary support in a computational model ( 86).…”

Section: Syndromes Of Visual Hallucinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phenomenology and Neurobiology of Visual Distortions and Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: An Update

Silverstein

Lai

2021

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia is characterized by visual distortions in ~60% of cases, and visual hallucinations (VH) in ~25–50% of cases, depending on the sample. These symptoms have received relatively little attention in the literature, perhaps due to the higher rate of auditory vs. visual hallucinations in psychotic disorders, which is the reverse of what is found in other neuropsychiatric conditions. Given the clinical significance of these perceptual disturbances, our aim is to help address this gap by updating and expanding upon prior reviews. Specifically, we: (1) present findings on the nature and frequency of VH and distortions in schizophrenia; (2) review proposed syndromes of VH in neuro-ophthalmology and neuropsychiatry, and discuss the extent to which these characterize VH in schizophrenia; (3) review potential cortical mechanisms of VH in schizophrenia; (4) review retinal changes that could contribute to VH in schizophrenia; (5) discuss relationships between findings from laboratory measures of visual processing and VH in schizophrenia; and (6) integrate findings across biological and psychological levels to propose an updated model of VH mechanisms, including how their content is determined, and how they may reflect vulnerabilities in the maintenance of a sense of self. In particular, we emphasize the potential role of alterations at multiple points in the visual pathway, including the retina, the roles of multiple neurotransmitters, and the role of a combination of disinhibited default mode network activity and enhanced state-related apical/contextual drive in determining the onset and content of VH. In short, our goal is to cast a fresh light on the under-studied symptoms of VH and visual distortions in schizophrenia for the purposes of informing future work on mechanisms and the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.

show abstract

Section: Syndromes Of Visual Hallucinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phenomenology and Neurobiology of Visual Distortions and Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: An Update

Silverstein

Lai

2021

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The occurrence of ocular diseases was defined as having ≥2 new-onset outpatient diagnoses or any inpatient diagnosis at ophthalmology. The ocular intervention was identified using Taiwan reimbursement codes 31,32…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Patients With Rosacea Increase the Risks of Diabetic Macular Edema, Dry Eye Disease, Glaucoma, and Cataract

Wang

Kang

Liu

et al. 2022

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Inflammation plays a role in diabetic eye diseases, but the association between rosacea and eye diseases in patients with diabetes remains unknown. Design: This retrospective cohort study used claims data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan to investigate the association between rosacea and eye diseases in patients with diabetes. Materials and Methods: Taiwanese patients diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2013, and using any hypoglycemic agents were included and divided into rosacea and nonrosacea groups. After applying 1:20 sex and age matching and exclusion criteria, 1:4 propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance the covariate distribution between the groups. The risk of time-to-event outcome between rosacea and nonrosacea groups in the PSM cohort was compared using the Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model. Results: A total of 4096 patients with rosacea and 16,384 patients without rosacea were included in the analysis. During a mean follow-up period of 5 years, diabetic patients with rosacea had significantly higher risks of diabetic macular edema [subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR): 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–1.63], glaucoma with medical treatment (SHR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.21), dry eye disease (SHR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.38–1.75), and cataract surgery (SHR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02–1.25) compared with diabetic patients without rosacea. A cumulative incidence analysis performed up to 14 years after the index date revealed that the risks of developing ocular diseases consistently increased over time. No significant differences in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vascular occlusion, ischemic optic neuropathy, optic neuritis, uveitis, or retinal detachment were identified according to rosacea diagnosis. However, we observed significant associations between rosacea and psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, and major depressive disorder among patients with diabetes. Conclusions: Rosacea is associated with diabetic macular edema, glaucoma, dry eye disease, and cataract development in diabetic patients, as well as increased risks of psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, and depression in diabetic patients.

show abstract

“…Regarding comorbid psychiatric diseases, glaucoma has been shown to be associated with a higher risk of bipolar disease, major depressive disorders, and psychosis [ 13 ]. A review confirmed that glaucoma is more common in individuals with depression [ 14 ], even if a study published later found no increased risk of depression and anxiety in patients with glaucoma [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric diseases and dementia and their association with open-angle glaucoma in the total population of Stockholm

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Association between some somatic diseases and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are well-known. We aimed to study psychiatric diseases and dementia and their association with POAG in the total population of Region Stockholm. Methods All living individuals above 18 years of age who resided in Stockholm County, Sweden, on 1 January 2017 ( N = 1,703,675) were included. Data were obtained from administrative regional data. We identified individuals with specified psychiatric disorders in the years 2010–2019, and further identified those with an incident diagnosis of POAG during 2012–2018. Analyses were performed by age-group and sex. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), adjusted for age and neighborhood socio-economic status for individuals with POAG, and used individuals without POAG as referents. Results A total of 16,299 cases of POAG were identified, of whom 9204 were women and 7095 men. Adjusted OR (95% CI) for the risk of POAG was 0.653 (0.610–0.698) for women and 0.714 (0.656–0.778) for men with dementia, respectively. The OR for POAG was 0.478 (0.355–0.643) for women with psychosis, and 1.164 (1.105–1.227) for women with depression. A high neighbourhood socio-economic status was associated with a higher risk of POAG. Other associations were non-significant. Conclusion The prevalence of newly diagnosed POAG was decreased in men and women with dementia, and in women with psychosis, which could be an underestimation, owing to lack of investigation, which warrants attention. The risk of POAG was increased in women with depression, which could be secondary to the glaucoma diagnosis. KEY MESSAGES The prevalence of newly diagnosed glaucoma was decreased in men and women with dementia, and in women with psychosis. A lower prevalence of newly diagnosed glaucoma may be due to an underestimation, owing to a lack of investigation. The risk of glaucoma was increased in women with depression, which could be secondary to the glaucoma diagnosis.

show abstract

Association of ocular diseases with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder: a retrospective case-control, population-based study

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

The Phenomenology and Neurobiology of Visual Distortions and Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: An Update

The Phenomenology and Neurobiology of Visual Distortions and Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: An Update

Diabetic Patients With Rosacea Increase the Risks of Diabetic Macular Edema, Dry Eye Disease, Glaucoma, and Cataract

Psychiatric diseases and dementia and their association with open-angle glaucoma in the total population of Stockholm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About