Association of Oxidative Stress with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Osteoclast Formation in Human Bone Marrow Cell Cultures

Abstract

It has been suggested that oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to explore the association between a marker of oxidative stress and either bone turnover markers or bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. In addition, the effects of oxidative stress on the formation of osteoclasts in human bone marrow cell culture were examined. We performed a cross-sectional analysis in healthy postmenopausal women aged 60-78 years (n = 135, 68.2 +/- 4.9). Oxidative stress was evaluated in the serum by measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) levels. The biochemical markers of bone turnover and areal BMD were measured in all participants. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a negative association between 8-OH-dG levels and BMD of the lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck, and trochanter and positive association with type I collagen C-telopeptide (ICTP) levels. The odds ratio of 8-OH-dG for osteoporosis was 1.54 (1.14-2.31, P = 0.003). In cultures of primary human marrow cells, H2O2 caused concentration-dependent activation of TRAP-positive multinucleated giant cells. H2O2 also increased the area of pits per osteoclast activity assay substrate. RT-PCR showed that H2O2 stimulated the expression of M-CSF and RANKL and increased the RANKL/OPG ratio. The data support the view that oxidative stress is associated with increased bone resorption and low bone mass in otherwise healthy women. In addition, RANKL and M-CSF stimulation induced by oxidative stress may participate in osteoclastogenesis in human bone.

Effects of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) brewing on levels of RANKL and TGF- β1 in orthodontic tooth movement

“…17 Several in vitro and in vivo researches on experimental animals also show that oxidative stress can reduce the rate of bone formation by decreasing osteoblast differentiation and survival. A report even shows that reactive oxigen species (ROS) can activate osteoclasts, resulting in an increase in bone resorption.…”

“…16 Caffeic acid has antioxidant effects that can reduce oxidative stress on osteoblasts. 17 Another research also illustrates that chlorogenic acid promotes osteogenesis on human adipose tissue derived from mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), indicated by an increase in bone mineralization. 18 Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the effects of Robusta coffee brew on RANKL and TGF-β1 levels during orthodontic tooth movement.…”

The increased number of osteoblasts and capillaries in orthodontic tooth movement post-administration of Robusta coffee extract

“…18 Crucially, coffee represents one of the popular beverages consumed by societies. 19 Robusta coffee contains chlorogenic acid, phenylalanines formed during the roasting process, 20 and caffeic acid, which produce antioxidant effects in reducing oxidative stress in osteoblasts 21 and stimulate osteoblast activity. 22 Moreover, clorogenic and caffeic acids in Robusta coffee produce antioxidant effects in enhancing angiogenesis through increased VEGF.…”

Shifting the Paradigm in Radiation Safety

“…Oxidative damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many of these aging-related diseases and conditions, e.g. Alzheimer's disease (Martins et al, 1986;Bonda et al, 2010), arthritis (Vasanthi et al, 2009), cataract (Spector, 1995), diabetes (Henriksen et al, 2011), heart disease (Heitzer et al, 2001), osteoporosis (Baek et al, 2010), Parkinson's disease (Zhang et al, 1999), and stroke (Nanetti et al, 2011). Elevating antioxidant levels in the relevant organs may be helpful in reducing the oxidative damage and the impact of such diseases.…”