Association of periodontitis with radiographic knee osteoarthritis

Abstract

Background To examine whether periodontitis is associated with the presence and severity of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2013, participants over the age of 50 were included in this study. Dental examinations and knee radiographs are performed in participants aged ≥50 years in this cohort. Periodontitis was defined using the community periodontal index, which was determined by measuring periodontal probing depth. The definition of radiographic knee OA was based on the Kellgren‐Lawrence (K‐L) grading system, which determined a K‐L class ≥2 to be radiographic knee OA. The associations between periodontitis and presence and severity of radiographic knee OA were examined using logistic regression analyses. Results Among 7969 total participants, 965 men and 2078 women had radiographic knee OA. Periodontitis was observed in 1,185 (39.4%) people among those who had radiographic knee OA. Periodontitis (adjusted odds radio [aOR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.40) was associated with radiographic knee OA after adjusting for variables including age, sex, body mass index, socioeconomic status, diabetes, and dental status. Participants were more likely to have radiographic knee OA as the severity of periodontitis increased (non‐severe periodontitis, aOR 1.14 [0.98 to 1.32]; severe periodontitis, aOR 1.47 [1.17 to 1.85]). Moreover, the presence of periodontitis significantly increased with an increasing K‐L class (class 1, aOR 1.30 [1.09 to 1.54]; class 2, aOR 1.32 [1.08 to 1.60]; class 3, aOR 1.39 [1.14 to 1.70]; class 4, aOR 1.45 [1.11 to 1.90]). Conclusion Periodontitis is associated with the presence and severity of radiographic knee OA.

No Genetic Causal Association Between Periodontitis and Arthritis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis

“…Furthermore, a latest meta-analysis comprising of 6 case-controls studies has reported that PD was associated with substantially increased RA disease activity, with an average of 0.74 DAS28 score increase compared to non-PD patients (95%CI: 0.25, 1.24; P <0.001) ( 40 ). A case-control study that included participants from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey demonstrated that the incidence and severity of radiographic knee OA were linked to PD ( 19 ). In addition, PD was also reported to be associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and axial Spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) in several case-control studies ( 41 , 42 ).…”

“…Results from several case-control studies underlined that the prevalence of PD in RA patients is higher than in healthy controls (17,18). Kim et al reported that PD was linked to the occurrence and the severity of radiographic knee OA (19). However, the causal relationship between PD and arthritis has yet to be established, which is extremely important and could improve our present understanding of PD and arthritis pathogeneses.…”

Bidirectional Relationship Between Osteoarthritis and Periodontitis: A Population-Based Cohort Study Over a 15-year Follow-Up

“…Periodontitis has been suggested to be a comorbidity with knee osteoarthritis in a cross-sectional study ( 52 ). Although the underlying mechanisms are yet to be studied, potential common denominators might include underlying inflammatory traits that made those individuals susceptible to both osteoarthritis and periodontitis, with the two diseases being regarded as inflammatory diseases.…”

Cross-Tissue Analysis Using Machine Learning to Identify Novel Biomarkers for Knee Osteoarthritis

“…Published meta-analysis and cross-sectional studies have shown that cardiovascular diseases can affect the progression of OA [ 56 , 57 ]. Other studies have shown that periodontitis is associated with the presence and severity of KOA [ 58 ]. It has been concluded that periodontitis is at least partly involved in the pathogenesis of OA, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes [ 59 ].…”