Association of Plasma Omentin-1 Levels With Diabetes and Its Complications

Abstract

Introduction: Plasma omentin-1 is a relatively new biomarker that has anti-diabetogenic and its level is inversely related with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, thus, increasing the risk of diabetic complications. In this study, we will determine the association between serum plasma omentin-1 levels and diabetes and its complications.Methods: This case control study was conducted from July 2020 to August 2021 in the internal medicine unit of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. There was a total of three groups, each comprising 250 patients. One group was type 2 diabetic patients with complications, the second group was type 2 diabetic patients without complications, and the third group was the control group, i.e. participants without type 2 diabetes. Their plasma omentin-1 levels were compared.Results: Patients with diabetic complications had significantly lower serum omentin levels than patients without complications (59.01 ± 9.21 ug/dL vs. 75.72 ± 14.11 ug/L; p-value: <0.0001). Patients with diabetes had significantly lower serum omentin levels in comparison to patients without diabetes (75.72 ± 14.11 ug/dL vs. 90.12 ± 17.89 ug/L; p-value: <0.0001). Conclusion:Based on our study, plasma omentin-1 is negatively associated with diabetes and its complications. Therefore, adequate levels of omentin-1 are needed in order to prevent diabetic complications.

Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity

“…Omentin-1 increased Akt phosphorylation in the insulin signaling pathway in the absence and presence of insulin [ 77 ]. In human studies, serum omentin-1 concentrations were lower in obese patients and inversely correlated with the markers of obesity [ 78 ], metabolic syndrome [ 79 ] and diabetic complications [ 80 ]. Low omentin-1 level has been suggested to be a reliable marker to predict the development of MetS in patients with hypertension [ 81 ].…”

The Role of Omentin-1 in Cancers Development and Progression

“…The plasma level of omentin-1 is negatively associated not only with diabetes but its complications as well. A 2021 case-control study showed that patients with diabetes had significantly lower omentin levels in comparison to patients without diabetes, but also that its level was significantly lower in patients with complications than in those without [29]. Serum omentin-1 can be used as a biomarker for obesity-related metabolic disorders because, according to the research, omentin-1 is inversely related to obesity, insulin resistance, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) [30].…”

Association of Apelin, Chemerin and Omentin Levels with Oxidative Stress Markers in Non-Diabetic and Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Another novel adipokine was identified from omental adipocytes known as omentin-1 or intelectin-1 (10) . Moreover, Eimal Latif et al revealed that omentin is expressed selectively in mesothelial cells, visceral fats, vascular cells, small intestine, colon, and goblet cells and is abundantly present in plasma (11) , As Habi attributed these widespread expressions of omentin in such critical areas to the roles of this peptide to a variety of physiological functions like cardiovascular function, insulin action and inflammatory response (1) . Omentin-1 has also been demonstrated to have the capacity to modify insulin sensitivity (1) and promote the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cell s (12) .…”

“…However, another study discovered that diabetic patients had higher levels of omentin-1 than non-diabetics patients (13) . In addition, recent clinical investigations have found a negative correlation between plasma levels of omentin and oxidative stress, which is considered a possible signal for lowering oxidative stress-related complications in diabetes (11) .…”