Association of Scrotal Hyperthermia With Impaired Spermatogenesis in Infertile Men

Mieusset, R.; Bujan, Louis; Mondinat, Charlotte; Mansat, A; Pontonnier, F

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)41776-9

Cited by 50 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Many possible factors contributing to poor semen quality in SCI males have been identi®ed, and include seminal¯uid stasis, 45 urinary tract infection, 46 increased scrotal temperature, 47,48 antisperm antibodies, 35,49 ± 51 urine contamination due to retrograde ejaculation, 28 catheter composition, 24 the use of lubricants, 24,27 endocrine disturbances 52 and increased reactive oxygen species in semen. 53 The method of bladder management used has also been shown to a ect semen quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive approach to the management of male infertility following spinal cord injury

et al. 1999

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Objectives: To review the outcomes of management of male infertility following spinal cord injury in a specialised fertility clinic. Study Design: Retrospective review of medical records. Setting: The Fertility Clinic of a 45-bed spinal cord injury service in New South Wales, Australia. Methods: The medical and fertility clinic records of 113 males who attended the clinic between 1987 and 1997 were reviewed. Results: The rates of semen retrieval using vibroejaculation and electroejaculation were 67% and 97% respectively. Thirty-one individuals (37%) and their partners sought assistance with the primary aim of achieving a pregnancy. Intravaginal insemination (IVI) undertaken at home following vibroejaculation resulted in a pregnancy rate per cycle of 22%. Electroejaculation and IVI proved less successful with a pregnancy rate per cycle of only 5%, although with intrauterine insemination (IUI) this rate improved to 30%. Micromanipulation in vitro fertilisation (IVF) procedures, primarily intracytoplasmic sperm injection, were used in 18 couples resulting in a pregnancy rate per cycle of 19%. In the 31 couples there have been a total of 17 pregnancies in 97 cycle attempts for an overall pregnancy rate per cycle of 18% and a cumulative pregnancy rate per couple of 55%. Twelve of the pregnancies have resulted in 14 live births (including two sets of twins), there were three pregnancies ongoing at the date of review and there have been two spontaneous abortions. Conclusion: The bene®ts of a specialised fertility clinic o ering a comprehensive, clientfocused approach with education, fertility assessment and a range of semen retrieval and assisted reproduction options, are highlighted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive approach to the management of male infertility following spinal cord injury

et al. 1999

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“…In both studies a negative correlation was found between high scrotal temperature and sperm output with sperm concentration being decreased 40% per 1 8C increment of median day time scrotal temperature in a study of 99 men (Hjollund et al 2002). Studies of infertile males have shown increased scrotal temperature compared with fertile controls (Mieusset et al 1987, Mieusset & Bujan 1995, but it has not yet been clearly established whether raised scrotal temperature is the cause of the infertility in these men or simply a concomitant symptom of their disorder. Treatment of couples with male factor infertility by IVF/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is now common place in clinical practice (Campbell & Irvine 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The impact of raised scrotal temperature in the rat , mouse (Jannes et al 1998) and human (Mieusset et al 1987) includes decreased testis weight, reduced viability, morphology and motility of spermatozoa, and reduced testicular blood flow and altered vasomotion (Setchell et al 1995). In the mouse direct effects of scrotal heating on the developing germ cells are reported to include altered synthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins, as well as protein denaturation and abnormal chromatin packing (Steinberger 1991, Sailer et al 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In man, raised scrotal temperature may occur as a result of occupational exposure, lifestyle or a clinical disorder, such as cryptorchidism (Mieusset et al 1987, Hjollund et al 2000. It has been shown that men with a past history of cryptorchidism are likely to exhibit scrotal temperatures above the normal range and are often subfertile or infertile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of a mild scrotal heat stress on DNA integrity in murine spermatozoa

Banks¹,

King²,

Irvine³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

218

125

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An increase in scrotal temperature can lead to the production of poor quality spermatozoa and infertility. In the present study we have used mice to examine the impact of mild, scrotal heat stress (42 8C for 30 min) on numbers of spermatozoa as well as on the integrity of their DNA. Spermatozoa recovered from the epididymides hours (1 to 24) or days (7 to 32) after treatment were analysed using COMET and sperm chromatin structure (SCSA) assays. The treatment induced a stress response in both the testis and the epididymis that was associated with reduced expression of the cold inducible RNA binding protein (Cirp) and an increase in germ cell apoptosis (Apotag positive cells). Although spermatozoa present in the epididymis at the time of heating contained correctly packaged DNA, its integrity was compromised by heat stress. In addition, although some germ cells, which were present within the testis at the time of heat stress, were removed by apoptosis, many germ cells completed their development and were recovered as motile spermatozoa with damaged DNA. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that scrotal heat stress can compromise the DNA integrity of spermatozoa and this may have clinical implications for patients undergoing IVF and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

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“…The fact that the scrotum has no subcutaneous fat helps dissipate heat to the exterior (Glad Sorensen et al 1991). Testicular temperatures are reported to be higher in men with clinical conditions (cryptorchidism and varicocele), certain occupations (bakers, welders and professional drivers) and in those with poor posture or tight clothing (Mieusset et al 1987, 2007, Salisz et al 1991, Lerchl et al 1993, Thonneau et al 1998. Experimental studies have suggested that a mild increase in testicular temperature could be a potential contraceptive method for men (Mieusset & Bujan 1994) and that nocturnal scrotal cooling could improve sperm count in patients with elevated testicular temperatures who have been diagnosed with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (Jung et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single, mild, transient scrotal heat stress causes DNA damage, subfertility and impairs formation of blastocysts in mice

Paul¹,

Murray²,

Spears³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

235

168

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Infertility represents a major clinical problem and 50% of cases are attributable to the male partner. Testicular function is temperature dependent, and in both man and mouse the position of the testes in the scrotum ensures that they are kept at between 2 and 8 8C below core body temperature. We used a mouse model to investigate the impact of a single, transient, mild, scrotal heat stress (38, 40 or 42 8C for 30 min) on testicular function, sperm DNA integrity and embryo survival. We detected temperature-dependent changes in testicular architecture, number of apoptotic cells and a significant reduction in testis weight 7 and 14 days after heat stress at 42 8C. We report for the first time that DNA strand breaks (g-H2AX-positive foci) were present in spermatocytes recovered from testes subjected to 40 or 42 8C. Fertility of heat-stressed males was tested 23-28 d after treatment (sperm at this time would have been spermatocytes at time of heating). Paternal heat stress at 42 8C resulted in reduced pregnancy rate, placental weight and litter size; pregnancies from the 40 8C group had increased resorptions at e14.5. Abnormalities in embryonic development were detected at e3.5 and in vitro fertilisation with sperm recovered 16 h or 23 d after scrotal stress at 42 8C revealed a block in development between the 4-cell and blastocyst stages. This study has provided evidence of temperature-dependent effects on germ cell DNA integrity and highlighted the importance of an intact paternal genome for normal embryo development. Reproduction (2008) 136 73-84

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Association of Scrotal Hyperthermia With Impaired Spermatogenesis in Infertile Men

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

A comprehensive approach to the management of male infertility following spinal cord injury

A comprehensive approach to the management of male infertility following spinal cord injury

Impact of a mild scrotal heat stress on DNA integrity in murine spermatozoa

A single, mild, transient scrotal heat stress causes DNA damage, subfertility and impairs formation of blastocysts in mice

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