Association of sella turcica bridging with palatal canine impaction in skeletal Class I and Class II

Abstract

PurposeBased on the evidence of the embryonic origin of the sella turcica and the teeth, this retrospective study evaluated the association between sella turcica bridging and palatal canine impaction in skeletal Class I and Class II orthodontic patients.MethodsSixty-two orthodontic patients with palatally impacted canines and 54 controls with erupted canines (aged 12–25 years) were classified into skeletal Class I and Class II (according to ANB angle and Wits analysis). The length, depth, and diameter of the sella turcica were measured, and the shape was described. The difference in linear dimensions between the study and control groups was calculated using two-way analysis of variance and Student’s t-test. The interrelationship of the variables, subject groups, skeletal type, and age, with the linear dimensions of sella turcica, was tested using regression analyses. The association between sella turcica, bridging and palatally impacted canines was determined in skeletal type using a chi-square test.ResultsHighly significant differences were found in the length, diameter, and depth of the sella turcica between the study sample and the control (P<0.001, P=0.015, P<0.0001, respectively). There was a highly significant frequency of bridging in cases with palatally impacted canines (P<0.0001). An increasing incidence of bridging was found in subjects with palatally impacted canines and skeletal Class I (P<0.0001) and Class II (P=0.044) relationships. Regression analysis showed that the age was significantly related to a change in length (P=0.025), diameter (P<0.0001), and depth (P<0.0001). The normal sella turcica morphology was present in most subjects (56.4%), and no significant association was found in subjects with palatally impacted canines in terms of the shape of the sella turcica.ConclusionSella turcica bridging is frequently seen in patients with impacted canines. The findings suggest that careful monitoring of canine eruption is required in patients diagnosed with sella turcica bridging at an early age.

Sella Turcica Morphology on Cephalometric Radiographs and Dental Abnormalities—Is There Any Association?—Systematic Review

“…In another study, Leonardi et al [ 28 ] stated that a sella turcica bridge is more frequent in subjects with dental transposition than in the control group. Similar results have been reported by other authors who investigated correlations between sella turcica bridging and dental abnormalities using lateral and panoramic radiographs [ 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 29 ].…”

“…Concerning dental abnormalities, the authors of the studies included analyzed the following: palatally displaced canines [ 21 , 22 , 27 ], impaction or transposition of canines or premolars [ 23 ], congenitally missing lateral incisors [ 24 ], impacted canines and hyperdontia [ 25 ], impacted canines [ 26 ], dental agenesis [ 26 , 29 ], hyperdontia [ 26 ], maxillary or mandibular dental transposition [ 28 ], congenitally missing second mandibular premolars or the presence of palatally displaced canines [ 30 ]. Thus, in most studies, the study groups were non-homogenous.…”

The bridging and normal dimensions of sella turcica in Yemeni individuals

“…Quite a several studies have been provided that certain pathological conditions, such as William syndrome [ 3 ], primary hypopituitarism [ 4 ], growth hormone deficiency [ 5 ], congenital lumbosacral abnormality, and seckel pear syndrome [ 6 ], could alter the shape and size of ST. One of the most popular forms of ST alteration is the fusion of the anterior and posterior clinoid processes, that known as ST bridging [ 1 ]. This form can also be highly related to severe craniofacial deviation, tooth agenesis [ 7 ], canine impaction [ 8 ], and individuals with cleft palate [ 9 ].…”

Evaluation of Sella Turcica Bridging and Morphology in Different Types of Cleft Patients

“…found larger values in all three measured parameters in cleft group, only length showed highly significant disparities, however, the type of cleft was not mentioned. In another study, data of 62 subjects with palatally impacted canine revealed significant disparities in ST bridging and three parameters of ST morphology as compared to the control in Saudi population ( Baidas et al, 2018 ).…”

“…and three parameters of ST morphology as compared to the control in Saudi population (Baidas et al, 2018). Studies in the past have shown that patients with disorders or syndromes such as holoprosencephaly (Kjaer et al, 2002), Down syndrome (Hasan et al, 2019), spina bifida (Kjaer et al, 1999), CLP (Alkofide, 2008;Yasa et al, 2017), fragile X syndrome (Kjaer et al, 2001), Williams syndrome (Axelsson et al, 2004), and severe craniofacial deformities (Becktor et al, 2000) have craniofacial malformations which affect the size and/or morphology of ST.…”