Association of Serum Fatty Acids at Admission with the Age of Onset of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract

Dietary triglycerides influence the serum concentrations of fatty acids (FA) and their weight percentages (wt%), which might be associated with the age of onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the correlation between serum FA levels and proportions at admission, and the age at onset of ICH. We included patients admitted between 2016 and 2019 within 24 h of the onset of ICH, and calculated the correlation coefficients between their age, serum FA concentration, and FA wt%. We performed multiple linear regression analysis to identify individual FAs related to the age at onset of ICH. Furthermore, we estimated the threshold values of FAs that were independently associated with the age at onset of ICH <65 years, using receiver operating characteristic curves by logistic regression. Our inclusion criteria were met by 141 patients (mean age, 67 years). The concentration of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and the wt% of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were significant independent variables for the age at onset of ICH. The ROC curves for the age of onset <65 years were ≥108.6 µmol/L for DGLA and ≤1.7% for EPA. Increased DGLA concentration and decreased EPA wt% were significantly associated with young-onset ICH.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease frequency and associated factors at admission of acute stroke

“…However, DGLA is metabolized to AA, which is metabolized to prostaglandin E2, thromboxane A2, or leukotriene C4 [ 22 ]; these have inflammatory effects and increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction [ 22 ]. High serum DGLA level was associated with the onset of acute ischemic stroke and ICH at a young age [ 17 , 18 ] and was also associated with obesity, body fat accumulation, high ALT level, and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes [ 23 ]. High serum DGLA level was associated with not only acute stroke but also NAFLD presence.…”

“…Elevated serum dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) level and decreased DHA weight percentage (%) of total fatty acids are associated with the onset of acute ischemic stroke at a younger age [ 17 ]. In addition, increased DGLA level and decreased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) percentage are associated with the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young patients [ 18 ]. Dyslipidemia is related to NAFLD, and serum FAs are associated with the age of stroke onset [ 1 , 2 , 17 , 18 ]; therefore, serum FAs may be associated with NAFLD in patients with stroke.…”

“…In addition, increased DGLA level and decreased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) percentage are associated with the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young patients [ 18 ]. Dyslipidemia is related to NAFLD, and serum FAs are associated with the age of stroke onset [ 1 , 2 , 17 , 18 ]; therefore, serum FAs may be associated with NAFLD in patients with stroke. In addition, BMI, triglycerides, type 2 diabetes mellitus, AST/ALT ratio, GGT, and blood pressure may be associated with NAFLD in patients with stroke.…”

Independent factors affecting hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in patients aged 40–69 years: a cross-sectional study

“…Additionally, diabetes is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke [12], and the serum cholesterol level is inversely related to the risk of death from hemorrhagic stroke and positively related to death from ischemic stroke and total cardiovascular disease [13]. Serum levels and proportion (%) of fatty acid (FA) are associated with AIS or ICH [14][15][16][17][18]. Triglycerides (TG) comprise glycerol and three fatty acids (FAs); FAs affect the quality of TG, and dietary TG affects serum FA levels [14].…”

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in cerebrovascular disease: a bystander or a real risk factor?

“…Despite this, the current study may shed light on the role of different fatty acids on NAFLD in acute stroke patients. The same group has published on the association of serum fatty acids and higher serum DGLA levels with the age of onset of acute ischemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage [15,16]. DGLA is commonly used as a health supplement for its alleged effects in a variety of diseases, including suppression of chronic inflammation, vasodilation and blood pressure lowering, and inhibition of progression of atherosclerosis [17].…”