Association of Smoking Status With Recurrence, Metastasis, and Mortality Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy

Foerster, Beat; Pozo, Carmen Del; Abufaraj, Mohammad; Mari, Andrea; Kimura, Shoji; D’Andrea, David; John, Hubert; Shariat, Shahrokh F.

doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.1071

Cited by 67 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Taylor et al 4 reported increased risk of developing lung cancer and higher cardiac mortality in smoking breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Foerster et al 6 found that prostate cancer patients who were current smokers at the time of prostatectomy or beginning radiotherapy had higher risks of locoregional recurrence, developing distant metastases and increased cancer-specific mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tobacco use is recognized as a causative agent for head and neck (H&N) and lung cancers, but not for cancers of the prostate or breast. Still, tobacco use during radiotherapy has been associated with poorer outcomes for all four of these commonly treated malignancies 1 - 6 . Patients with these cancers who continue to smoke during radiotherapy have worse outcomes ranging from increased side effects during treatment to greater late effects including increased mortality from heart disease and second cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking history and cessation discussions in cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy: Do we treat all patients equally?

Holland

Chen

et al. 2020

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Tobacco is recognized as a causative agent for head and neck (H&N) and lung cancers, but not for cancers of the prostate or breast. Still, tobacco use during radiotherapy has been associated with poorer outcomes for all four of these commonly treated malignancies. We sought to evaluate if our providers record smoking history and discuss cessation as frequently for prostate and breast cancers as for H&N and lung cancers. METHODS Initial consultation notes of 592 non-metastatic patients seen from January 2014 through June 2017 were reviewed using the electronic medical record. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate smoking history and cessation discussions. The chi-squared test was used to compare frequencies. We chose two cancer sites commonly associated with tobacco use and causation (H&N and lung) and two sites not commonly associated (prostate and breast). RESULTS Prostate cancer patients were less likely to have smoking history recorded (65%) than breast (91%), H&N (96%) or lung (97%) patients (p<0.0001). Breast and prostate cancer patients were less likely to be current smokers (10%) than H&N and lung cancer patients (29%) (p<0.0001). Smoking cessation discussions were less frequently documented in breast and prostate cancer patients (14%) than in H&N and lung cancer patients (55%) (p=0.0005). CONCLUSIONS We document smoking history less frequently for prostate cancer patients than H&N, lung or breast cancer patients. Breast and prostate cancer patients have lower rates of current smoking than H&N and lung cancer patients. We document smoking cessation discussions less frequently in current smoking breast and prostate cancer patients than current smoking H&N and lung cancer patients. As all of these patients have been shown to experience poorer outcomes when smoking during radiotherapy, all should be asked about their smoking history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking history and cessation discussions in cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy: Do we treat all patients equally?

Holland

Chen

et al. 2020

Tob. Prev. Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Health behaviors (HBs), such as alcohol intake, cigarette consumption, and physical activity, play a major role in disease-free survival among adults with cancer (Carmack, Basen-Engquist, & Gritz, 2011;Chen, Vazquez, Courquin, Donald, & Farwell, 2014;Twiss, Gross, Waltman, Ott, & Lindsey, 2006). More specifically, previous studies found a higher risk of recurrence of prostate, bladder, and breast cancer in daily smokers (Cumberbatch et al, 2018;Foerster et al, 2018). A longitudinal association between a greater alcohol daily consumption and an increased risk of recurrence of breast and bladder cancer has also been shown (Cumberbatch et al, 2018;Simapivapan, Boltong, & Hodge, 2016;Weigl, Hauner, & Hauner, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A longitudinal examination of the interrelationships between multiple health behaviors in cancer patients

Bernard

Ivers

Savard

et al. 2019

J Appl Biobehavioral Res

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Purpose A healthy lifestyle following a cancer diagnosis is associated with reduced risk for a cancer recurrence. Better understanding the interrelationships between multiple health behaviors (HB) in cancer survivors could inform the development of more effective interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle. Methods This prospective study assessed the longitudinal interrelationships between smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, and caffeine consumption among patients with mixed cancer sites at the peri‐operative period and 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 months later. A cross‐lagged design and structural equation modeling were used to assess the relationships between all four HBs over time. Results The study included 962 participants. The model showed a good fit to the data. For all four HBs, continuity paths consistently indicated that one particular health behavior was significantly predicted by the same health behavior at the previous time point. However, no consistent pattern of cross‐lagged relationships between HBs emerged. Physical activity at 14‐ and 18‐month evaluations was the HB most consistently involved either as a predictor as a predicted variable. Conclusion Overall, this study indicates that HBs assessed following cancer surgery are mostly independent and that interventions promoting HB changes during the cancer treatment trajectory need to target each health behavior separately.

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“…Currently, human T-cell leukemia is not only an important cause of cancer-related mortality in third world countries, but among the major factors of death in developed countries. The burden of human T-cell leukemia in developing countries have been increasing not only due to population growth and aging, but also due to the lack of exercise, smoking and unhealthy lifestyle ( Reiner et al, 2019 ; Foerster et al, 2018 ; Nunez et al, 2018 ; Yancik & Ries, 2004 ). Fortunately, a number of treatments, including surgery ( Li et al, 2019 ), radiotherapy ( Mondini et al, 2020 ), chemotherapy ( Almodovar et al, 2019 ), and traditional Chinese medicine therapy ( Hung et al, 2017 ), have been successful to relieve the pain and prolong the life expectancy of patients affected by T-cell leukemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of action (MOA) of hirsutine on the proliferation of T-cell leukemia Jurkat clone E6-1 cells

Meng

Wang

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background The bark of Uncaria rhynchophylla has been traditionally used to treat convulsion, bleeding, hypertension, auto-immune conditions, cancer, and other diseases. The main focus of this research is done for the purpose of exploring the antitumor activity and mechanism of action (MOA) for hirsutine isolated from U. rhynchophylla. Methods Jurkat clone E6-1 cells were treated using 10, 25 and 50 μM for 48 h. Inhibition of cell proliferation due to hirsutine treatment was evaluated by CCK8 assay. Flow cytometry was applied to ascertain Jurkat cell cycle progression and apoptosis after treatment with 10, 25 and 50 μM hirsutine for 48 h. The expression and level of the apoptosis-related genes and proteins was analyzed by Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting method, respectively. Results CCK8 analyses revealed that hirsutine could significantly inhibit the proliferation of Jurkat clone E6-1 cells, in a concentration and time-dependent fashion. Flow cytometry assays revealed that hirsutine could drive apoptotic death and G0/G1 phase arrest in Jurkat cells. Apoptotic cells frequencies were 4.99 ± 0.51%, 13.69 ± 2.00% and 40.21 ± 15.19%, and respective cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 accounted for 34.85 ± 1.81%, 42.83 ± 0.70% and 49.12 ± 4.07%. Simultaneously, compared with the control group, Western blot assays indicated that the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax, cleaved-caspase3, cleaved-caspase9 and Cyto c proteins, as well as the down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein which guards against cell death, might be correlated with cell death induction and inhibition of cell proliferation. QPCR analyses indicated that hirsutine could diminish BCL2 expression and, at the same time, improve Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA levels, thus reiterating a putative correlation of hirsutine treatment in vitro with apoptosis induction and inhibition of cell proliferation (p-value < 0.05). Excessive hirsutine damages the ultrastructure in mitochondria, leading to the release of Cyt c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm in Jurkat clone E6-1 cells, thereby inducing the activated caspase cascade apoptosis process through a mitochondria-mediated pathway. Conclusion An important bioactive constituent—hirsutine—appears to have antitumor effects in human T-cell leukemia, thus enlightening the use of phytomedicines as a novel source for tumor therapy. It is speculated that hirsutine may induce apoptosis of Jurkat Clone E6-1 cells through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

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Association of Smoking Status With Recurrence, Metastasis, and Mortality Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy

Abstract: Current smokers at the time of primary curative treatment for localized prostate cancer are at higher risk of experiencing biochemical recurrence, metastasis, and cancer-specific mortality.

Cited by 67 publications

References 46 publications

Smoking history and cessation discussions in cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy: Do we treat all patients equally?

Smoking history and cessation discussions in cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy: Do we treat all patients equally?

A longitudinal examination of the interrelationships between multiple health behaviors in cancer patients

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of action (MOA) of hirsutine on the proliferation of T-cell leukemia Jurkat clone E6-1 cells

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