Association of SNAP-25 GeneDdel andMnll Polymorphisms with Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

ObjectiveThe synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) gene is a presynaptic plasma membrane protein and an integral component of the vesicle docking and fusion machinery mediating secretion of neurotransmitters. Previously, several studies reported association between SNAP-25 and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We investigated whether these SNAP-25 polymorphisms (MnlI T/G and DdelI T/C) were also associated with ADHD in the Turkish population.MethodsOur study comprised unrelated 139 subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and 73 controls and all were of Turkish origin. Genetic analyses were performed and patients were evaluated with Wender-Utah Rating Scale and Adult ADD/ADHD DSM IV-Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale.ResultsSNAP-25 DdelI polymorphism was not associated with ADHD but there was a statistically significant difference between ADHD patients and controls for SNAP-25 MnlI polymorphism. For SNAP-25 MnlI polymorphism patients with G/G genotype of the SNAP-25 gene MnlI polymorphism had higher Wender-Utah scores and higher scores in the 1st and 3rd parts of adult ADD/ADHD Scale.ConclusionWe detected a significant association of the MnlI polymorphism in our ADHD sample which was similar to previous findings. Our study also revealed that SNAP-25 MnlI polymorphism was also associated with symptom severity of ADHD. This study is also, the first report on the association of SNAP-25 with ADHD in the Turkish population.

Association analysis of DISC1 gene polymorphisms with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Iranian population

“…The high prevalence of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder necessitates the understanding of the etiology, as well as the development of approaches for diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. 5 …”

“…Significant associations have been shown between DAT-1 , DRD4 , DRD5 , 5HTT , HTR1B and SNAP-25 genes and the ADHD. 5 , 7 …”

Two SNAP-25 genetic variants in the binding site of multiple microRNAs and susceptibility of ADHD: A meta-analysis

“…Most recently, a study by Herken et al with 139 cases and 73 controls in a Turkish population found that there was a statistically increased ADHD risk in persons carrying G allele ( p<0.001) but not with SNAP-25 DdeI(rs1051312) (Herken et al, 2014). Our meta-analysis showed that a strong M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 9 association existed between the rs3746544 polymorphism and ADHD in the studies using an Asian population, but not in studies with Caucasian participants.…”

“…Thus far, four family-based studies have shown that these two SNPs are associated with increased risk of ADHD (Barr et al, 2000;Brophy et al, 2002;Kustanovich et al, 2003;Mill et al, 2004). However, the findings from subsequent case-control studies have been inconsistent, and this discrepancy may be due to inadequate statistical power, ethnic differences and publication bias (Barr et al, 2000;Pazvantoglu et al, 2013;Sarkar et al, 2012;Galvez et al, 2014;Choi et al, 2007;Zhao AL et al, 2007;Herken et al, 2014).…”

Synapsin Polymorphisms Could Be Correlated with Stroop Simple Reaction Time Scores

“…Another important role of synapsin III is involved in synaptic transmission, especially dopamine release [10]. Studies have investigated genes encoding the proteins that have roles in the modulation of neurotransmitter release and ADHD, such as SNAP-25 gene (the synaptosomal-associated protein) [11], synaptobrevin-2 (VAMP2) and syntaxin 1A genes [12]. This inquiry about synapsin III in ADHD is commendable as ADHD is related to the release of neurotransmitters, especially dopamine.…”