Association of stress with cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in a population (ESSE-RF in Kemerovo region)

Abstract

Aim. To assess the prevalence of stress and its association with socio-demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the Siberian population.Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in the framework of the Russian multicenter epidemiological study ESSE-RF in the Kemerovo Region in 2013. The presented study included 1628 individuals aged 25 to 64 years. Information was assessed on the presence of stress, some socio-demographic and economic characteristics, a history of CVD, as well as behavioral habits and quality of life. To eliminate the modifying effect of socio-demographic characteristics, a logistic regression analysis was used. The odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.Results. The prevalence of stress was 22,6%; stress was statistically significantly more often recorded in women (28,1%) than in men (11,7%). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, stress was statistically significantly more often recorded in people with secondary and primary education compared with those with higher education (24,9% and 19,1%, p=0,006), as well as in people with middle and high financial affluence compared with low affluence (24,5% and 11,3%, p<0,001). This association is observed only at the expense of women. For unemployed participants, the stress rate is higher only among males — 18,8% versus 11,4% among workers (p=0,015). Stress was also statistically significantly more often recorded in groups with arterial hypertension, lack of sleep, quality of life on the EQ-VAS scale and on the EuroQol scale. Smokers are more likely to have stress (23,8% vs 22,0%) and have a history of stroke (35,3% vs 22,2%). Among all CVDs and their risk factors, an inverse association of stress with obesity was revealed only in men.Conclusion. Study showed that people with stress are under large load of some cardiovascular risk factors. At the same time, ambiguous associations between stress and arterial hypertension and quality of life were obtained. This confirms the need for further study of the association of stress with other factors of cardiovascular risk, taking into account age and gender and socio-economic characteristics of the population.

Prevalence of psychological stress among the Russian population and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. Data from the ESSE-RF3 study

“…В исследовании Шаповаловой Э. Б. и др. (2019) также продемонстрированы гендерные особенности -на примере популяции Кемеровской области выявлено, что ПЭС, оцениваемый по шкале PSS-10, у женщин регистрировался в ~2 раза чаще, чем у мужчин -28,1 и 11,7%, соответственно [10].…”

“…В исследовании Шаповаловой Э. Б. и др. (2019) подобная ассоциация была обнаружена только для лиц с инсультом в анамнезе [10]. Тесная связь с ПЭС по нашим данным выявлена среди лиц, испытывающих тревогу и депрессию, что подчеркивает комплексное воздействие этих психоэмоциональных ФР.…”

“…Более того, низкий УД может способствовать выбору рискованной модели поведения (курение, злоупотребление алкоголем, низкое потребление овощей и фруктов, короткая продолжительность сна), что дополнительно будет усиливать негативное влияние ПЭС на здоровье человека [13]. Однако в одном из отечественных исследований выявлен противоположный результат: ПЭС в ~2 раза реже регистрировался у лиц с низким достатком в сравнении с лицами, имеющими средний и высокий УД [10].…”

“…Уровень ПЭС сгруппирован в 3 категории: низкий ПЭС соответствует уровню стресса ниже медианы в популяции, высокий ПЭС соответствует уровню стресса выше верхней квинтили в популяции, оставшиеся участники признаны имеющими средний уровень ПЭС. Для мужчин уровни ПЭС ранжированы следующим логические особенности данного ФР среди отдельных групп населения и/или отдельных регионов проживания, однако исследования, оценивающие распространенность ПЭС, а также его уровень среди населения на популяционном уровне в масштабе Российской Федерации (РФ), отсутствуют [2][3][4][5]10].…”

Evaluation of the Changes of Salivary pH among Dental Students Depending on Their Anxiety Level

“…27 And in the study performed by Shapovalova et al, the occurrence of stress among the participants was 28.1% in females and 11.7% in males. 28 Though some studies indicate that women have higher anxiety levels, no definitive difference has been established. 23 Our study did not show any statistical significance between male and female participants.…”