Association of the melatonin circadian rhythms with clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian and Asian menopausal women with insomnia

Abstract

A comparative analysis of melatonin circadian rhythms in Caucasian (incoming population) and Asian (indigenous population) menopausal women with/without sleep disorders depending on the genotype of Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism was realized.The melatonin level in the saliva was determined four times a day (6:00-7:00, 12:00-13:00, 18:00-19:00, 23:00-00:00 h). The Caucasian women-carriers of the TT-genotype with insomnia as compared to control group-had a higher morning melatonin level and a lower night melatonin level. The Asian women with TT-genotype and insomnia had a lower levels of melatonin as compared to control at daytime, evening and night. A significantly higher melatonin level in the early morning hours was detected in the Caucasian women-carriers of the TT-genotype with insomnia as compared to group womencarriers of the minor 3111C-allele. There were no statistically significant differences in the circadian rhythms of melatonin in the Asian women depending on the genotype of the Clock 3111T/C polymorphism. An assumption with respect to the protective role of the minor allele 3111C in the development of insomnia associated with the displacement of melatonin circadian rhythms in the representatives of the incoming population was made.

Insomnia in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women: Plasma Lipids, Lipid Peroxidation and Some Antioxidant System Parameters

“…In postmenopause, the morning melatonin peak has been also noted, regardless of the presence of insomnia [57]. The present study further have revealed the association of melatonin secretion circadian rhythms with Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian patients with insomnia, consisting of an increased hormone level in early morning hours in carriers of the TT-genotype, which allows considering 3111T allele as risky in the formation of melatonin circadian rhythm disturbances in these patients [58]. Moreover, differences in the circadian rhythms of melatonin in the Asian women depending on the genotype of the Clock 3111T/C polymorphism have not been found.…”

Circadian Clock, Time-Restricted Feeding and Reproduction

“…The study included 403 menopausal women from both Caucasian and Asian races, who were evaluated based on their diurnal sleepiness (using subthreshold insomnia and Epworth Sleepiness Scale), polymorphic genotyping, and a four-time per day collection of saliva samples for melatonin determination. Higher melatonin levels (1.40 times, p < 0.05) were detected in the early morning hours in the carriers of the TT-genotype compared to that in a group of carriers of the minor 3111C-allele [89]. Significant differences in the melatonin levels were found between the control and main group of Asian women carriers of the TT-genotype.…”

“…Significant differences in the melatonin levels were found between the control and main group of Asian women carriers of the TT-genotype. This group had a lower hormone level during the day, evening, and night hours in women with insomnia (1.68, 1.80, and 2.13 times, respectively) [89]. It was postulated that in the course of evolution, the allele played a protective role in the development of insomnia [90].…”

“…Prior studies have indicated that the age-related decrease of melatonin is a consequence of functional changes linked to this system, which controls the sleep/wake cycle. Recently, Semenova et al showed the circadian rhythms of melatonin secretion in menopausal women and its association with the Clock 3111T/C polymorphism with regards to their ethnicity [88][89][90]. The study included 403 menopausal women from both Caucasian and Asian races, who were evaluated based on their diurnal sleepiness (using subthreshold insomnia and Epworth Sleepiness Scale), polymorphic genotyping, and a four-time per day collection of saliva samples for melatonin determination.…”

Insomnia and Circadian Rhythms of Melatonin in Menopausal Women

“…The present study further revealed the association of melatonin secretion circadian rhythms with Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian patients with insomnia, consisting of an increased hormone level in early morning hours in carriers of the TT-genotype, which allows considering 3111T allele as risky in the formation of melatonin circadian rhythm disturbances in these patients. Moreover, differences in the circadian rhythms of melatonin in the Asian women with insomnia, depending on the genotype of the Clock 3111T/C polymorphism, were not found [39].…”