Association of the Renal Resistive Index with Microvascular Complications in type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Abstract

Chronic complications are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. The intrarenal resistive index (RI) has been reported to be increased in hypertensive subjects with microalbuminuria and limited data is present for diabetic subjects. 101 subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included in the study. We grouped the study population according to the urinary albumin excretion (UAE). Group 1: UAE<30 mg/day (n=36); Group 2: UAE 30-300 mg/day (n: 37); Group 3: UAE>300 mg/day (n: 28). We also grouped the study population according to the intrarenal RI value. Group I consisted of subjects with RI≥0.70 and group II<0.70. The mean intrarenal RI values of patients in group 3 were higher than those of group 1 and group 2 (0.72 vs. 0.69 p=0.048; 0.72 vs. 0.69; p=0.048 respectively). The duration of diabetes, hip circumference, and hs-CRP levels were statistically significantly higher in subjects with intrarenal RI≥0.70 compared to those with intrarenal RI<0.70 (p:<0.001, 0.048 and 0.0148 respectively). Presence of retinopathy and neuropathy was statistically significantly higher in subjects with intrarenal RI≥0.70 compared to those with intrarenal RI<0.70. RI may predict the development of microvascular complications in diabetic subjects.

The relationship between renal resistive index and simple hematologic indices in patients with chronic kidney disease

“…In chronic kidney disease, the NLR, PLR, MLR, RDW, MPV and serum CRP increase relative to inflammation (6,(8)(9)(10)(11)13,15). In some studies, a positive correlation was found between the RRI and serum CRP in CKD patients (13,16). Apart from this study, we did not find other studies comparing the RRI with serum inflammatory markers such as the NLR, PLR, MLR, RDW and MPV in chronic kidney disease.…”

Clinical Impact of Hemorheology Assessed Using the Microchannel Array Flow Analyzer on Renal Resistive Index in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…This study clarifies the clinical usefulness of assessing WBPT to detect RRI as high as ≥ 0.70, which is shown to be discriminatory of an increased RRI level [2,36]. Participants were divided into three groups based on simple WBPT values, and the multiple logistic regression analysis was performed.…”

“…In general, the kidney function is evaluated using biomarkers, such as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin concentration, which are also well established as prognosis factors for cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [1]. In addition, the renal resistive index (RRI), which is assessed using ultrasonography, has been reported as a novel marker of kidney function and a predictor of cardiovascular events [2,3].…”

Value of Doppler ultrasound in early detection of diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Although the RI of normo versus micro albuminuria did not show significant change in the studies of Thukral et al. 16 and Ozmen et al., 18 they both reported a remarkable rise in the RI of all macroalbuminuria cases, which still supports that the RI increases with increasing albuminuria. This review has also shown that high RI in type 2 diabetes can rarely be associated with normo-albuminuria, but almost always associated with micro- and macroalbuminuria.…”