Association of the Virus-like Infectious Agent Originally Reported in Patients with Aids with Acute Fatal Disease in Previously Healthy non-Aids Patients

Lo, Shyh‐Ching; Wear, Douglas J.; Dawson, Monja A.; Newton, Perry B.; Sonoda, Mary Ann; Engler, W.F.; Shih, J. Wai-Kuo; Wang, Richard Yuan-Hu

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1989.41.364

Cited by 69 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Antigens of this agent have been detected in HIV-infected individuals with renal disease (54), and DNA sequences were found in the blood of 6 of 55 HIV-seropositive individuals (451). Moreover, the organism has been found in autopsy specimens from non-AIDS patients who died of a flulike illness (711). T cells from HIV-infected individuals have been shown to respond actively to mycoplasma antigens (658), and their potential role as superantigens has also been proposed (see Section XVII C).…”

Section: A Infection By Other Virusesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Levy¹

1989

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

222

290

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Section: A Infection By Other Virusesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Levy¹

1989

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

222

290

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“…It was originally reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and was later found in non-AIDS patients. 49,63,64 Genetic and serologic comparisons subsequently confirmed that the organism originally designated as M. incognitus was a strain of M. fermentans. 65 Nicolson and Rosenberg-Nicolson have suggested that mycoplasmas might be the cause of postwar morbidity among Gulf War veterans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…For the purposes of this study, participants were screened by their responses to seven of these symptom questions that were most consistent with clinical reports of mycoplasmal infection: cough, sore throat, pains that move from one joint to another, joint swelling, joint redness, rash or skin ulcer, fever, and asthma. [48][49][50] After selecting the most symptomatic subjects first and other subjects with a random-number procedure, 90 Gulf War veterans (60 symptomatic) and 60 nondeployed veterans (30 symptomatic) were identified. Only those whose prewar sera were available were studied for evidence of M. fermentans infection: symptomatic Gulf War veterans (n ϭ 46), asymptomatic Gulf War veterans (n ϭ 18), symptomatic nondeployed veterans (n ϭ 20), and asymptomatic nondeployed veterans (n ϭ 12).…”

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

No serologic evidence of an association found between Gulf War service and Mycoplasma fermentans infection.

Gray¹,

Kaiser²,

Hawksworth³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Occult occupational infection with Mycoplasma fermentans has been proposed as a cause for illness among Persian Gulf War veterans. Symptom data and sera from a 1994-1995 cross-sectional survey of Navy Seabees were used to select symptomatic and asymptomatic Gulf War veterans and nondeployed veterans to evaluate this hypothesis. Survey sera from 96 Seabees were matched to prewar (before September 1990) archived sera. Immunoblot serologic analyses were performed for M. fermentans in a controlled, blinded fashion. Both Gulf War veterans and nondeployed veterans had prewar and postwar serologic evidence of M. fermentans infection consistent with natural infection data. Among study subjects collectively, and stratified by Gulf War service, none of the immunoblot banding profiles (prewar or postwar) or their changes over time were associated with postwar symptoms. These serologic data do not support the hypothesis that Gulf War veterans have experienced Gulf War-related morbidity from M. fermentans infection.

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“…There are various immunomodulating factors produced by microorganisms, including superantigen and HSPs. Many research groups have suggested that infections by mycoplasma species are cofactors in the seroconversion of AIDS in the HIV(‫)ם‬ group 7,9,11,14,18,19,24) . As one such cofactors, superantigen produced by specific mycoplasma species is known to play a role in the immunodeficiency process in HIV(‫)ם‬ patients 4,9,11,15,16) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock protein of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale strains isolated from HIV-seropositive patients.

Chattin-Kacouris

Ishihara

Miura

et al. 2002

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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It has been suggested that infection by some mycoplasma species can act as possible cofactors in the acceleration of immunodeficiency in HIV-infected patients. The present study was designed to examine infections by oral mycoplasma species in HIV-seropositive (HIV(‫))ם‬ patients. Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale were isolated from 59.5% and 16.7% of 42 HIV(‫)ם‬ patients, respectively. Non-M. salivarium and non-M. orale species were isolated from 40.5% of saliva samples from the HIV(‫)ם‬ group and 20.8% of those from 24 HIV-seronegative (HIV(‫))מ‬ subjects, respectively. Although the production of superantigen by human peripheral lymphocytes in the isolated mycoplasma species from HIV(‫)ם‬ and HIV ‫)מ(‬ subjects was evaluated, none of the examined mycoplasma strains, including ATCC strains of M.salivarium, M. orale, Mycoplasma buccae and Mycoplasma penetrans, were found to produce superantigen. Production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) by isolated mycoplasma strains was examined by immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori HSP60. It was found that all the strains of M. salivarium, M.orale, and unidentified mycoplasma species isolated from HIV(‫)ם‬ and HIV(‫)מ‬ groups produced heat shock proteins. HSP production by oral mycoplasma may play a role in the immunomodulation of HIV(‫)ם‬ patients.

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Association of the Virus-like Infectious Agent Originally Reported in Patients with Aids with Acute Fatal Disease in Previously Healthy non-Aids Patients

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

No serologic evidence of an association found between Gulf War service and Mycoplasma fermentans infection.

Heat shock protein of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale strains isolated from HIV-seropositive patients.

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