Association of thunderstorm frequency with rainfall occurrences over an Indian urban metropolis

Saha, Upal; Maitra, Animesh; Midya, S. K.; Das, G. K.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.11.021

Cited by 47 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although there are a few variants of CAPE (e.g. normalized CAPE, most unstable CAPE, mixed‐layer CAPE, surface‐based CAPE or SB‐CAPE), we utilized SB‐CAPE owing to the fact that it is considered most representative for the tropical environment (Saha et al ., ). Monthly total rain and convective rain (mm h −1 ), with a spatial resolution of 0.5°, were obtained from TRMM's 3A12 v7 (ftp://disc2.nascom.nasa.gov/data/s4pa/TRMM_L3).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Lightning activity associated with precipitation and CAPE over Bangladesh

Dewan

Ongee

Rafiuddin

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Satellite‐derived lightning data for 17 years (1998–2014) were used to evaluate the relation between environmental factors and lightning activity over the Bangladesh landmass. Time series convective available potential energy (CAPE) data were extracted from ERA‐40 reanalysis data while total and convective rainfalls were obtained from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission's monthly products. In addition, the product of CAPE and precipitation was computed and used as an additional variable. Three timescales – monthly, seasonal and annual – were utilized to determine the influence of precipitation and CAPE on lightning activity. The results indicated that CAPE stands out as an important variable at all of these timescales for predicting the occurrence of lightning. The correlation coefficient (r) between CAPE and lightning activity was found to be 0.902 (monthly), 0.703 (pre‐monsoon), 0.550 (monsoon) and 0.702 (annual), respectively. Total rain showed strong positive correlation with lightning on monthly scale (r = 0.734) and in the pre‐monsoon season (r = 0.701). However, such relationship was moderate during monsoon (r = 0.455). In contrast, convective rain showed slightly higher correlation during monsoon (r = 0.587) compared with that of pre‐monsoon season (r = 0.532). Because of strong seasonality in the data, convective rain did not exhibit strong relationship on annual scale (r = 0.227). The product variable (e.g. CAPE × precipitation) showed significant correlation on monthly (r = 0.895) and seasonal scales (r = 0.818 during pre‐monsoon and 0.686 in monsoon) but its influence appears to diminish on a longer timescale (r = 0.375). Spatial maps of correlation coefficient revealed significant positive correlation along relatively drier northern parts of Bangladesh. As lightning‐related fatality is on the rise, this study, first of its kind, is expected to inform public policy and provide information necessary for effective management of this atmospheric phenomenon to save lives and property in Bangladesh.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Lightning activity associated with precipitation and CAPE over Bangladesh

Dewan

Ongee

Rafiuddin

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Thunderstorms are disastrous mesoscale weather phenomena with space scale varying from a few to hundreds of kilometers and a life span of less than an hour (30 to < 60 min) (Saha et al, 2014). It has been estimated that nearly 45 000 thunderstorm occur daily in the world, i.e., 16 million thunderstorms each year (Khan and Arsalan, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal analysis of thunderstorm and rainfall activity over India

Bhardwaj

Singh

2018

Atm

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RESUMENLas tormentas eléctricas son uno de los fenómenos meteorológicos severos de mesoescala más devastadores, y desempeñan un papel relevante en la incidencia de precipitación en una región. Por ello, en el presente estudio se trató de identificar la relación entre días de tormenta (Thn), días de lluvia (Thr) y cantidad de la precipitación (Trr) en 294 estaciones meteorológicas distribuidas a lo largo de la India por medio de datos (normales climatológicas) publicados por el Departamento Meteorológico de la India (IMD, por sus siglas en inglés) para cuatro periodos: 1951-1980, 1961-1990, 1971-2000 y 1981-2010. El análisis mostró la existencia de una reducción drástica en la frecuencia de Thn, mientras que Thr y Trr mostraron un descenso leve. Se observó una correlación significativa entre las tres variables. El análisis mensual mostró un pico doble en la ocurrencia de Thn y un pico sencillo en la precipitación; sin embargo, se advirtió un intervalo de un mes entre la presentación de estos picos. Estos resultados demuestran que el monzón de verano de la India afecta de manera significativa la actividad de las tormentas eléctricas. El análisis estacional sugiere que Thn, Thr y Trr alcanzaron sus máximos durante la estación del monzón y sus mínimos durante el invierno. Por otra parte, se ha demostrado la existencia de una relación negativa entre Thn y Thr, y Thn y Trr durante el monzón, anomalía que puede deberse a la temperatura decreciente en la India durante dicha estación. Adicionalmente, el patrón espacial mensual y estacional de la ocurrencia de Thn, Thr y Trr permanece casi inalterado en el periodo . No obstante, se observó una disminución drástica en la frecuencia de Thn en los periodos subsiguientes en todo el país. De manera similar, se percibió una leve disminución en la frecuencia de Thr y Trr sobre la India, excepto en el noreste, que exhibe una tendencia al alza en la precipitación. Se ha encontrado que el índice Thn/Thr (R) alcanza su máximo en la temporada previa al monzón, mientras que el índice Trr/Thn alcanza su máximo durante la temporada del monzón. El análisis regional de Thn, Thr y Trr muestra una amplia gama de variaciones en la ocurrencia de estos patrones a lo largo del año. Se considera que los resultados de este estudio serán de utilidad para los meteorólogos, pilotos aviadores, agricultores y planificadores. ABSTRACTThunderstorms are one of the most devastating mesoscale severe weather phenomena, which play an important role in the occurrence of rainfall activity over a region. Therefore, in the present study an attempt has been made to identify the relationship between thunderstorm days (Thn), rainy days (Thr) and rainfall amounts (Trr) for 294 meteorological stations spreading over India, by means of published data (climatological normals) from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) for four periods, 1951-1980, 1961-1990, 1971-2000, and 1981-2010. The analysis has revealed a sharp decrease in the frequency of Thn, while Thr and Trr showed a slight decline. A significant correlat...

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“…pdf, last access: 10 May 2018). According to this criterion, if the maximum surface wind speed is greater than 62 km h −1 , then it is considered to be a severe thunderstorm event; otherwise, if wind speeds are between 31 and 62 km h −1 , then it is considered to be an ordinary thunderstorm case (also used by Saha et al, 2014). Hereafter, the total number of thunderstorm occurrences per year in both the severe and ordinary category is counted and represented by TSS and TSO.…”

Section: Dataset and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term trends of instability and associated parameters over the Indian region obtained using a radiosonde network

2019

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Abstract. Long-term trends of the parameters related to convection and instability obtained from 27 radiosonde stations across six subdivisions over the Indian region during the period 1980–2016 are presented. A total of 16 parcel and instability parameters along with moisture content, wind shear, and thunderstorm and rainfall frequencies have been utilized for this purpose. Robust fit regression analysis is employed on the regional average time series to calculate the long-term trends on both a seasonal and a yearly basis. The level of free convection (LFC) and the equilibrium level (EL) height are found to ascend significantly in all Indian subdivisions. Consequently, the coastal regions (particularly the western coast) experience increases in severe thunderstorms (TSS) and severe rainfall (SRF) frequency in the pre-monsoon period, while the inland regions (especially Central India) experience an increase in ordinary thunderstorms (TSO) and weak rainfall (WRF) frequency during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The 16–20-year periodicity is found to dominate the long-term trends significantly compared to other periodicities and the increase in TSS, and convective available potential energy (CAPE) is found to be more severe after the year 1999. The enhancement in moisture transport and associated cooling at 100 hPa along with the dispersion of boundary layer pollutants are found to be the main causes for the increase in CAPE, which leads to more convective severity in the coastal regions. However, in inland regions, moisture-laden winds are absent and the presence of strong capping effect of pollutants on instability in the lower troposphere has resulted in more convective inhibition energy (CINE). Hence, TSO and occurrences of WRF have increased particularly in these regions.

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Association of thunderstorm frequency with rainfall occurrences over an Indian urban metropolis

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Lightning activity associated with precipitation and CAPE over Bangladesh

Lightning activity associated with precipitation and CAPE over Bangladesh

Spatial and temporal analysis of thunderstorm and rainfall activity over India

Long-term trends of instability and associated parameters over the Indian region obtained using a radiosonde network

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