“…However, several population studies designed to evaluate the association between some TNF-a gene polymorphisms, such as G to A substitutions at positions À 238 and À 308, and PsA lead to conflicting results (Höhler et al, 1997;Hamamoto et al, 2000;Gonzalez et al, 2001Gonzalez et al, , 2002Hohler et al, 2002;Nishibu et al, 2002;Balding et al, 2003;Mossner et al, 2005;Rahman et al, 2006). In this study, we investigated the role of SNPs at positions À 238, À 308, and þ 489 within the TNF-a gene in PsA susceptibility, severity, and response to TNF-a inhibitors.…”