Association of Transfer RNA Fragments in White Blood Cells With Antibody Response to Bovine Leukemia Virus in Holstein Cattle

Taxis, Tasia M.; Kehrli, Marcus E.; D’Orey-Branco, Rui; Casas, Eduardo

doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00236

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In a previous study, we identified differentially expressed transfer RNA fragments produced by the animal as a response to the exposure to BLV (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of Viral microRNAs in Serum and White Blood Cells of Cows Exposed to Bovine Leukemia Virus

Casas

Lippolis

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) affects the health and productivity of cattle. The virus causes abnormal immune function and immunosuppression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in gene expression, having been associated with stress and immune response, tumor growth, and viral infection. The objective of this study was to determine the expression of circulating miRNAs produced by BLV in animals exposed to the virus. Sera from 14 animals were collected to establish IgG reactivity to BLV by ELISA, where seven animals were seropositive and seven were seronegative for BLV exposure. White blood cells (WBC) from each animal were also collected and miRNAs were identified by sequencing from sera and WBC. The seropositive group had higher counts of BLV miRNAs when compared to seronegative group in sera and WBC. Blv-miR-1-3p, blv-miR-B2-5p, blv-miR-B4-3p, and blv-miR-B5-5p were statistically significant (P < 0.00001) in serum with an average of 7 log2 fold difference between seropositive and seronegative groups. Blv-miR-B1-3p, blv-miR-B1-5p, blv-miR-B3, blv-miR-B4-3p, blv-miR-B4-5p, blv-miR-B5-5p were statistically significant (P < 1.08e −9) in WBC with an average of 7 log2 fold difference between the seropositive and the seronegative groups. Blv-miR-B2-3p and blv-miR-B2-5p were also statistically significant in WBC (P < 2.79e-17), with an average of 27 log2 fold difference between the seropositive and the seronegative groups. There were 18 genes identified as being potential targets for blv-miR-B1-5p, and 3 genes for blv-miR-B4-5p. Gene ontology analysis indicated that the target genes are mainly involved in the response to stress and in the immune system process. Several of the identified genes have been associated with leukemia development in humans and cattle. Differential expression of genes targeted by BLV miRNAs should be evaluated to determine their effect in BLV replication.

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“…In a previous study, we identified differentially expressed transfer RNA fragments produced by the animal as a response to the exposure to BLV (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals and laboratory techniques have been previously described (22). Following is a brief description of the procedures used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Viral microRNAs in Serum and White Blood Cells of Cows Exposed to Bovine Leukemia Virus

Casas

Lippolis

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…tRFs play an important regulatory role in gene expression (at the level of transcription and translation), apoptosis, and cell survival. There is a growing body of evidence indicating that tRF generation is not a random process, and their function may vary between cell types [24][25][26]. For instance, in monocytes, tRF-5030c via PIWI protein interaction was shown to cause histone H3K9 methylation [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite regulation of piRNAs, rRNAs and miRNAs in the blood after subarachnoid hemorrhage

et al. 2020

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Multiple classes of small RNAs (sRNAs) are expressed in the blood and are involved in the regulation of pivotal cellular processes. We aimed to elucidate the expression patterns and functional roles of sRNAs in the systemic response to intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. We used next-generation sequencing to analyze the expression of sRNAs in patients in the acute phase of IA rupture (first 72 h), in the chronic phase (3-15 months), and controls. The patterns of alterations in sRNA expression were analyzed in the context of clinically relevant information regarding the biological consequences of IA rupture. We identified 542 differentially expressed sRNAs (108 piRNAs, 99 rRNAs, 90 miRNAs, 43 scRNAs, 36 tRNAs, and 32 snoRNAs) among the studied groups with notable differences in upregulated and downregulated sRNAs between the groups and sRNAs categories. piRNAs and rRNAs showed a substantial decrease in RNA abundance that was sustained after IA rupture, whereas miRNAs were largely upregulated. Downregulated sRNA genes included piR-31080, piR-57947, 5S rRNA, LSU-rRNA, and SSU-rRNA s. Remarkable enrichment in the representation of transcription factor binding sites was revealed in genomic locations of the regulated sRNA. We found strong overrepresentation of glucocorticoid receptor, retinoid x receptor alpha, and estrogen receptor alpha binding sites at the locations of downregulated piRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. This report, although preliminary and largely proof-of-concept, is the first to describe alterations in sRNAs abundance levels in response to IA rupture in humans. The obtained results indicate novel mechanisms that may constitute another level of control of the inflammatory response. Key messages & A total of 542 sRNAs were differentially expressed after aneurysmal SAH comparing with controls & piRNAs and rRNAs were upregulated and miRNAs were downregulated after IA rupture & The regulated sRNA showed an enrichment in the representation of some transcription factor binding sites & piRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs showed an overrepresentation for GR, RXRA, and ERALPHA binding sites

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“…87 tRF-5s could also be used to detect the exposure of cattle to bovine leukemia virus (BLV). 88 In clear cell renal cell carcinoma, the expression level of tRF…”

Section: Other Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between tRNA‐derived fragments and human cancers

Zeng

Hua

Sun

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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tRNA-derived fragments, a class of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), have been identified in numerous studies in recent years. tRNA-derived fragments are classified into two main groups, including tRNA halves (tiRNAs) and tRNA-derived small RNA fragments (tRFs), according to different cleavage positions of the precursor or mature tRNAs. Instead of random tRNA degradation debris, a growing body of evidence has shown that tRNA-derived fragments are precise products of specific tRNA modifications and play important roles in biological activities, such as regulating protein translation, affecting gene expression, and altering immune signaling. Recently, the relations between tRNA-derived fragments and the occurrence of human diseases, especially cancers, have generated wide interest. It has been demonstrated that tRNA-derived fragments are involved in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, progression and survival. In this review, we will describe the biogenesis of tRNA-derived fragments, the distinct expression and function of tRNA-derived fragments in the development of cancers, and their emerging roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and precise targets of future treatments.

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Association of Transfer RNA Fragments in White Blood Cells With Antibody Response to Bovine Leukemia Virus in Holstein Cattle

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Expression of Viral microRNAs in Serum and White Blood Cells of Cows Exposed to Bovine Leukemia Virus

Expression of Viral microRNAs in Serum and White Blood Cells of Cows Exposed to Bovine Leukemia Virus

Opposite regulation of piRNAs, rRNAs and miRNAs in the blood after subarachnoid hemorrhage

Relationship between tRNA‐derived fragments and human cancers

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