Association of type and intensity of physical activity with plasma biomarkers of inflammation and insulin response

Abstract

Several biological mechanisms linking physical activity with cancer have been proposed. However, the influence of specific components of physical activity (volume, type and intensity), and their interaction with adiposity and diet, on cancer‐related biomarkers remain unclear. We used cross‐sectional data on 7,219 men in the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study (1992–1994) with C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 2 (TNFαR2), adiponectin, C‐peptide and triglycerides/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL). Details on physical activity, diet and adiposity were assessed by questionnaires. We used multivariable‐adjusted linear regression analyses to estimate relative concentrations of biomarkers by physical activity. Total physical activity was favorably associated with all biomarkers in a fairly linear manner. Comparing the highest (63+ metabolic equivalent (MET)‐hr/week) to the lowest (0‐8.9 MET‐hr/week) physical activity groups, the percent relative difference in concentration of biomarkers was −31% for CRP, −22% for IL6, −8% for TNFαR2, +9% for adiponectin, −22% for C‐peptide, and −20% for TG/HDL. These differences were modestly attenuated after adjustment for adiposity. For the same total MET‐hours of physical activity, the association was stronger for men engaging in both aerobic and resistance exercises compared to those engaging in aerobic only. However, no difference was found between those engaging in vigorous activities (≥20% of total MET‐hours) compared to those who did smaller amount of vigorous activities. Physical activity showed similar associations for these biomarkers regardless of adiposity and dietary pattern. In conclusion, high physical activity, preferably aerobic plus resistance training, was associated with favorable cancer‐related biomarkers.

Effects of an Exercise and Nutritional Intervention on Circulating Biomarkers and Metabolomic Profiling During Adjuvant Treatment for Localized Breast Cancer: Results From the PASAPAS Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

“… 44 A large cross-sectional study in cancer-free men has shown that engaging in mostly moderate-intensity activity, with preferably combined aerobic and resistance exercises rather than aerobic only, was associated with improved inflammatory biomarkers and insulin response. 45 Yet, the amount of PA and the modalities of practice needed to modify cancer- and treatment related biomarker changes in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy have not been investigated.…”

Interaction between Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Physical Activity, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Overall Mortality in U.S. Women

“…Person-time was assessed as months of follow-up from the return date of the 1988 questionnaire until incident CVD, death, or the end of follow-up (31 May 31 2008), whichever came first. We used time-varying Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between 24-month average ambient PM 2:5 exposure [per 10 lg=m 3 increase (Hart et al 2015b;Puett et al 2009) or by quintiles of PM 2:5 exposure], physical activity [per 9 METh/wk for overall physical activity, based on weekly physical activity recommendations (Lee et al 2019; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2019) or by quartiles of overall physical activity, walking, and vigorous activity], and the multiplicative interaction of the two on risk of MI, stroke, MI or stroke combined, and overall mortality. We accounted for missing covariate data using missing indicators.…”

“…We calculated overall physical activity in MET-hours per week by summing the MET-hours per week across all activities. Additionally, we considered MET-hours per week from walking alone, MET-hours per week from vigorous-intensity activities ( : jogging, running, biking, swimming, and tennis), MET-hours per week from low- or moderate-intensity activities ( ) ( Lee et al. 2019 ; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2019 ), and MET-hours per week for physical activities likely to be performed outdoors (e.g., walking, running, biking, lawn mowing), created by excluding activities more likely to be performed indoors (squash, racquet ball, arm weight training, leg weight training) from total MET-hours.…”

“…2015b ; Puett et al. 2009 ) or by quintiles of exposure], physical activity [per 9 MET-h/wk for overall physical activity, based on weekly physical activity recommendations ( Lee et al. 2019 ; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2019 ) or by quartiles of overall physical activity, walking, and vigorous activity], and the multiplicative interaction of the two on risk of MI, stroke, MI or stroke combined, and overall mortality.…”

Impacto del ejercicio sobre el metabolismo de los lípidos y la dislipidemia

“…En un amplio estudio epidemiológico realizado en Brasil, la práctica regular de al menos 150 minutos/ semana de actividad física vigorosa se asoció a niveles significativamente más altos de HDLc y más bajos de triglicéridos (34) . En el Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), un estudio de cohorte prospectivo de hombres estadounidenses, la diferencia en la relación TG/HDLc entre los quintiles superior e inferior de la práctica de actividad física fue -26 % (35) .…”