Association of Urinary Bisphenols Concentration with Asthma in Korean Adolescents: Data from the Third Korean National Environmental Health Survey

Baek, Kiook; Park, Jong-Tae; Kwak, Kyeongmin

doi:10.3390/toxics9110291

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The levels of bisphenol S and F, analogs of bisphenol A, widely used in plastic products, were higher in urine collected from females diagnosed with asthma as compared to healthy controls. At the same time, no differences were observed in males 13 . We are curious and ready to learn more.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 90%

Sex hormones and asthma: The role of estrogen in asthma development and severity

Radzikowska

Golebski

2022

Allergy

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 90%

Sex hormones and asthma: The role of estrogen in asthma development and severity

Radzikowska

Golebski

2022

Allergy

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“…However, urinary triclosan and propyl and butyl parabens but not BPA levels were associated with IgE to foods or inhalants in children (117). Bisphenol S does not safely replace BPA (118)(119)(120). Further studies are warranted to determine the effects of BPA on the immune system in infants.…”

Section: Bisphenol Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge on the effects of environmental contaminants in early life nutrition

et al. 2023

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Breast milk represents the optimal source of feeding for newborns, in terms of nutritional compounds and as it provides immunological, metabolic, organic, and neurological well-being. As a complex biological fluid, it consists not only of nutritional compounds but also contains environmental contaminants. Formulas through production, contact with bottles and cups, and complementary feeding can also be contaminated. The current review focuses on endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and made-man xenoestrogens present in the environment and both commonly present in food sources, agricultural practices, packaging, consumer products, industry, and medical care. These contaminants are transferred by passive diffusion to breast milk and are delivered during breastfeeding. They mainly act by activating or antagonizing hormonal receptors. We summarize the effects on the immune system, gut microbiota, and metabolism. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and indirect food additives may induce tissue inflammation and polarize lymphocytes, increase proinflammatory cytokines, promote allergic sensitization, and microbial dysbiosis, activate nuclear receptors and increase the incidence of allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. Breast milk is the most important optimal source in early life. This mini-review summarizes current knowledge on environmental contaminants and paves the way for strategies to prevent milk contamination and limit maternal and infant exposure during pregnancy and the first months of life.

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“…In fact, the negative effects of BPS may be stronger than those of BPA ( 39 ). Although most studies have confirmed the health hazards of BPF and BPS ( 40 – 43 ), stringent regulations are yet to be implemented in multiple countries, including Taiwan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure characteristics and cumulative risk assessment of bisphenol A and its substitutes: the Taiwan environmental survey for toxicants 2013

Lin,

Chen,

Chang

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionEver since the use of bisphenol A (BPA) has been restricted, concerns have been raised regarding the use of its substitutes, such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF). Meanwhile, the EU European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) issued the new tolerable daily intake (TDI) after the latest re-risk assessment for BPA, which enforced the need for cumulative risk assessment in the population. This study was conducted to identify BPA and its substitute’s exposure characteristics of the general Taiwanese population and estimate the cumulative risk of bisphenol exposure.MethodsUrine samples (N = 366 [adult, 271; minor, 95]) were collected from individuals who participated in the Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants 2013. The samples were analyzed for BPA, BPS, and BPF through ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Daily intake (DI) levels were calculated for each bisphenol. Hazard quotients (HQs) were calculated with the consideration of tolerable DI and a reference dose. Additionally, hazard index (HI; sum of HQs for each bisphenol) values were calculated.ResultsOur study found that the median level of BPA was significantly higher in adults (9.63 μg/g creatinine) than in minors (6.63 μg/g creatinine) (p < 0.001). The DI of BPS was higher in female (0.69 ng/kg/day) than in male (0.49 ng/kg/day); however, the DIs of BPF and BPS were higher in boys (1.15 and 0.26 ng/kg/day, respectively) than in girls (0.57 and 0.20 ng/kg/day, respectively). Most HI values exceeded 1 (99% of the participants) after EFSA re-establish the TDI of BPA.DiscussionOur study revealed that the exposure profiles and risk of BPA and its substitute in Taiwanese varied by age and sex. Additionally, the exposure risk of BPA was deemed unacceptable in Taiwan according to new EFSA regulations, and food contamination could be the possible source of exposure. We suggest that the risk of exposure to BPA and its substitutes in most human biomonitoring studies should be reassessed based on new scientific evidence.

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Association of Urinary Bisphenols Concentration with Asthma in Korean Adolescents: Data from the Third Korean National Environmental Health Survey

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Sex hormones and asthma: The role of estrogen in asthma development and severity

Sex hormones and asthma: The role of estrogen in asthma development and severity

Current knowledge on the effects of environmental contaminants in early life nutrition

Exposure characteristics and cumulative risk assessment of bisphenol A and its substitutes: the Taiwan environmental survey for toxicants 2013

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