Association of urogenital and intestinal parasitic infections with type 2 diabetes individuals: a comparative study

Almugadam, Babiker Saad; Ibrahim, Mihad Khaleil; Liu, Yinhui; Chen, Shen-min; Wang, Chun-hao; Shao, Chen-yi; Ren, Bao-wei; Tang, Li

doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05629-9

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…The low prevalence could be as a result of improved hygiene practices and or urban settlements in which there are improved social amenities. The prevalence was higher than the prevalence rate of 20.6% obtained by Almugadam et al (2021) which was carried in Sudan, and also higher than 19.2% prevalence reported from Ethiopia by Ambachew et al, (2020). This could be due to different geographical locations, difference in sample size and study population, as well as location and season.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Prevalence Of Malaria And Intestinal Parasitic Co-Infection Among Diabetic Patients In Calabar.

Bebia¹,

Akpang²,

Ugwu³

et al. 2022

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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Background: Malaria and intestinal parasitosis is a public health problem among diabetic patients, therefore, this work evaluates the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and malaria co-infections in diabetics. Materials and Methods Capillary blood and fecal samples were collected from 190 diabetic patients at the outpatient clinic of University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and Navy Reference Hospital Calabar and another batch of capillary blood and fecal samples from 110 non-diabetic subjects. The stool samples were examined macroscopically and microscopically by direct smear and formol- ether concentration method and also stained by modified Ziehl- Neelsen acid fast stain. The thick and thin blood film were stained with 10% Giemsa stain and viewed microscopically. Result: Amongst the test subjects, malaria parasites had a prevalence rate of 30 (15.8%), intestinal parasites had a prevalence rate of 48 (25.3%), and prevalence of co-infection with malaria parasites and intestinal parasites were 8 (4.2%), the difference was statistically significant (p= 0.036). Amongst the non-diabetic subjects, prevalence of malaria parasites was 12 (10.9%), intestinal parasites had a prevalent rate of 12 (10.9%) and a co-infection prevalence rate of 12 (3.6%). Amongst the diabetic patients, subjects aged 21-30 years had the highest infection rate of 14 (70.0%) for malaria parasites while 31-40 years had the highest infection of 8 (57.1%) for intestinal parasites the difference was statistically significant p = 0.0001. Amongst the non-diabetic subjects, age group 31-40 had the highest prevalence rate for malaria parasites 4(28.6%) and intestinal parasites 6(42.9%), while age group 31-40 and 41-50 had the highest prevalent rates of 2(14.3%) for co-infection. Amongst the diabetic patients, male subjects had a higher prevalence rates for malaria parasites, intestinal parasites and co-infection of 20(33.3%), 26(43.3%) and 6(10.0%) respectively which was statistically significant (p= 0.001). For the non-diabetic subjects, females had a higher prevalence rate for malaria infection 8(13.3%), while males had a higher prevalence rate for intestinal parasites and co-infection of 8(16.0%) and 4(8.0%) respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.250). Hookworm was the most observed parasite, 18(37.5%), Ascaris lumbricoides, 14 (29.2%), Cryptosporidium parvum, 8 (16.7%), Cyclospora cayetanensis, 4 (8.3%), Trichuris trichiura, 2 (4.2%) and Microsporidia, 2 (4.2%). Conclusion: Based on findings in this study, this work has shown a prevalence of intestinal parasites (25.3%), and prevalence of malaria infection (15.8%) in diabetic subjects; and this study also illustrate the prevalence of malaria and intestinal parasitic co- infection of 4.2%, and the need to put in place strategies for the control of the parasite among this group of patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Prevalence Of Malaria And Intestinal Parasitic Co-Infection Among Diabetic Patients In Calabar.

Bebia¹,

Akpang²,

Ugwu³

et al. 2022

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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“…However, the pathological changes in the heart often lead to reduced cardiac output and therefore low systemic blood pressure or hypotension as opposed to hypertension. There are also recent findings that suggest parasitic infections could protect against autoimmune and inflammatory conditions such as diabetes mellitus [29,[31][32][33]. In a Chinese study (n = 9539), adults over 40 years old with previous schistosome infection had lower prevalence of diabetes (14.9% vs 25.4%, p-value < 0.001) [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among adults with chronic non-communicable diseases in Malawi

et al. 2022

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Background Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infectious disease caused by flatworms of the Schistosoma genus. The global burden of schistosomiasis is high. In Malawi, schistosomiasis is among the top 20 causes of outpatient department visits in health facilities. Schistosomiasis is among the most important but neglected causes of non-communicable diseases (NCD) peculiar to tropical endemic settings. While much is known about the contribution of S. haematobium to the NCD burden in Malawi, the role of S. mansoni remains largely unknown. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at Mangochi District Hospital. Adults over 18 years diagnosed with NCDs (n = 414), admitted or attending weekly outpatient clinics were recruited between August 2021 and February 2022. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, body weight, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose. Stool and midstream urine were collected for Kato–Katz (KK) microscopy and urine point of care-circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) tests, respectively. We computed prevalence of S. mansoni as number of positive KK and CCA tests, each divided by total submitted samples. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were done to evaluate risk factors of NCDs and association between S. mansoni infection and NCDs. Results We recruited 414 participants, mean age 57 years (SD 16), 67% of whom were female. Prevalence of S. mansoni based on urine CCA was 15% (95% CI: 11–19) and 0% on KK microscopy. Hypertension was the most common condition with a prevalence of 85% (95% CI: 81–89), followed by diabetes mellitus with a prevalence of 42% (95% CI: 37–46) and heart disease with a prevalence of 3% (95% CI: 2–5). S. mansoni infection was not significantly associated with hypertension (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.5–3.1), diabetes (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3–1.10) or heart disease (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 0.4–10). Conclusions We observed moderate prevalence of S. mansoni infection among adults in the study per WHO classification of endemicity. This is within the range observed in children in Mangochi from 10 to 56.7%.

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“…Protective immunity of the skin and gastrointestinal tract were weakened according to increased age [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Being an elderly person accompanied by comorbidity enhances the chance of being immunocompromised and thus susceptible to parasitic infection [ 47 , 48 ]. The culture of food preparation and food sharing is an important social factor for foodborne parasites in elder people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections: A Population-Based Study in Phra Lap Sub-District, Mueang Khon Kaen District, Khon Kaen Province, Northeastern Thailand

et al. 2022

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Intestinal parasitic infections are still a crucial problem among communities in Northeast Thailand. Misuse of antiparasitic drugs and unhealthy food behaviors are known. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, behavioral health factors, and motivation for self-treatment of anti-parasitic drugs in this area. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Phra Lap sub-district, Mu Khon Kaen district, Khon Kaen province, Northeast Thailand, in 2016. A total of 419 participants were recruited to complete a self-administered questionnaire and stool examination. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between the risk factor and parasitic infection. Forty-two participants (10%; 95%CI 7.5–13.3) were positive for at least one parasite species. In this community, the most detected intestinal parasite was Opisthorchis viverrini (5.3%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (3.1%). A total of 67.5% of the participants had the experience of anti-parasitic drug treatment within previous 1 year, and “Often eat raw food” was the most common reason for the use of anti-parasitic drugs. On multivariate analysis, parasitic infections were significantly associated with male gender (ORadj. 2.42; 95%CI 1.00–5.85), age ≥ 60 years (ORadj. 7.55; 95%CI 1.60–35.76), and often consuming raw food of at least one type (ORadj. 2.37; 95%CI 1.03–5.44). Given these findings, correction of the dietary habit of eating raw fish/meat, which is the most important measure, and limitation of the use of anthelmintic treatment for individuals with stools positive for ova as well as emphasis on sanitary toilets will be implemented for the prevention and control of parasitic infection in endemic communities.

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Association of urogenital and intestinal parasitic infections with type 2 diabetes individuals: a comparative study

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Prevalence Of Malaria And Intestinal Parasitic Co-Infection Among Diabetic Patients In Calabar.

Prevalence Of Malaria And Intestinal Parasitic Co-Infection Among Diabetic Patients In Calabar.

The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among adults with chronic non-communicable diseases in Malawi

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections: A Population-Based Study in Phra Lap Sub-District, Mueang Khon Kaen District, Khon Kaen Province, Northeastern Thailand

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