Association of Visual Defects and Occlusal Molar Class in Children

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the presence of any correlations between dysfunctions related to visual impairments and dental occlusion. Methods The test group included 34 subjects (21 males and 13 females; mean age 11 ± 2 years) randomly selected with the following inclusion criteria: absence of any diagnosis for problems at visual level except those related to refractive defects, visual acuity of at least 1.0, absence of any syndrome or malformation in the craniofacial area, good general health, and absence of any systemic disease able to influence the vision or the craniofacial growth. They underwent visual clinical tests to evaluate the presence of fusional vergence defects and amplitude. Each patient underwent an orthodontic clinical exam and the occlusal molar relationship of each subject was recorded and considered as occlusal variable. A statistical analysis with Chi-Squared test was performed in order to analyze the associations between the visual defects and the occlusal variable. Results A statistically significant association between the molar occlusal relationship and the occurrence of exodeviations was observed. The percentage of subjects presenting fusional amplitudes with convergence lower of the cut-off value was statistically significantly higher in the group of occlusal molar second class. Conclusions The results obtained show that there is an association between occlusal second molar class and fusional vergence defects.

Relationship of skeletal malocclusion with eye and hair color in Turkish adolescent patients

“…e study by Caruso et al also reported a significant relationship between molar occlusal and visual defects. [22] In our study, no relationship was observed between eye color and gender. is finding was further supported by the study conducted by Monaco et al which did not identify a significant relationship between vision defects in the eye and gender.…”

Correlations between the Visual Apparatus and Dental Occlusion: A Literature Review

“…About the anatomical contiguity, the higher scientific evidence is given by the only prospective longitudinal study by Habeeb et al [ 5 ] that showed a statistically significant increase in the ocular interaxial distance between the two eyes of about 0.25 mm after rapid palatal expansion (in a sample of 28 children, 17 boys and 11 girls, mean age, 9.9 years), but the clinical significance of this observation remains indefinite. A clinical consequence is that the clinician can realize that with activation of the rapid maxillary expansion appliance he/she is producing not only an expansion force at the intermaxillary suture but also forces on other structures within the craniofacial complex that may or may not be beneficial for the patient [ 31 ].…”

Visual Acuity: An Eye Parameter to Predict Craniofacial Skeletal Malocclusion

“…In a different investigation, Gupta G et al (16) discovered a positive correlation (r =0.349) between visual acuity and mandibular plane angle in the Class I average growth pattern but a negative correlation (r =-0.350) in the horizontal growth pattern. According to Caruso et al (17) the percentage of participants with fusional amplitudes with convergence less than the cut-off value (83.3%) and the prevalence of exodeviations (78.3%) are both statistically substantially higher in the molar class II subjects. https://www.indjst.org/ Zielinski G et al found negative correlation between refractive error and axial length of the eyeball; inferior rectus muscle and visual acuity (9) .…”