Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome: a case–control design of population-based cross-sectional study in North China

Abstract

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MS) increases a risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The Vitamin D Receptor gene (VDR) may be important for developing MS. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the VDR gene polymorphisms and MS in North China.MethodsA case–control study included 391 participants with MS according to the MS diagnostic criteria of International Diabetes Federation 2005 (IDF2005) and 400 controls was conducted on the basis of a cross sectional study which was performed from 2008 to 2012 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. Anthropometric data, blood pressure and blood samples were collected in the field investigation. Blood biochemistry analyses were carried out in the laboratory. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene, BsmI (rs1544410 A > G) and FokI (rs 2228570 C > T), were genotyped.ResultsThe difference in the occurrence of genotypes in BsmI between individuals with MS and the control group was significant. Compared with genotype Bb/bb and allele b, genotype BB and allele B showed higher frequencies in MS cases than controls, which suggested they were risk factors. In addition, the genotype BB carriers with MS presented a higher waist circumference, while genotype FF for the FokI polymorphism was correlated with lower BMI in subjects with MS.ConclusionOur study suggests that the VDR gene polymorphisms appear to be associated with MS in the Northern Chinese population. Allele B and BB genotype for BsmI are risk factors for MS. The BsmI polymorphism seems to influence waist circumference, while the FokI polymorphism influence BMI in subjects with MS.

VDR Gene variation and insulin resistance related diseases

“…Of these, 14 case–control studies examined the association of the ApaI rs7975232 (G > T) variant [ 3 , 18 – 30 ] (Table 1 ), 22 studies in 20 case–control papers examined the association of the BsmI rs1544410 (A > G) variant [ 18 , 22 , 23 , 27 – 39 ] (Table 2 ), 19 studies in 18 case–control studies examined the association of the Taq1rs731236 (T > C) variant[ 3 , 18 – 28 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 38 – 40 ] (Table 3 ) and 18 studies in 16 case–control studies in15 papers examined the association of FokIrs2228570 (C > T)variant [ 3 , 18 , 23 – 25 , 27 , 30 – 32 , 36 , 41 – 45 ] (Table 4 ) with Insulin resistance related diseases susceptibility.…”

The relationship between selected VDR, HFE and ALAD gene polymorphisms and several basic toxicological parameters among persons occupationally exposed to lead

“…There are assumptions suggesting, that genotype FF for the FokI polymorphism was correlated with lower BMI in subjects with metabolic syndrome (Zhao et al, 2014). The FokI polymorphism may modify BMI, while the BsmI polymorphism seems to influence waist circumference.…”

Relationship Between Vitamin D Status and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms With Markers of Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults

“…Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs1544410 ( BsmI ), rs7975232 ( ApaI ), and rs731236 ( TaqI ), located at the 3′ untranslated region of VDR gene have been shown to influence mRNA stability and VDR expression ( 22 , 46 ) whereas rs2228570 ( FokI ) SNP located near the promoter region results in altered VDR activity due to change in amino acid sequence of this protein ( 47 ). Genetic variants in VDR gene have been reported to be associated with MS and its components including anthropometric parameters related to obesity, insulin resistance, T2DM, and atherogenic lipid abnormalities in different populations ( 21 , 23 , 48 ). In contrast to these data, some studies have demonstrated no association between VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk for MS development ( 49 – 51 ).…”