Background
The currently available data with respect to the association between
vitamin D receptor
(
VDR
) gene polymorphism and risk to urolithiasis are inconclusive and inconsistent. Hence, an exhaustive meta-analysis can solve the discrepancies and provide a hint for upcoming investigations. Herein, a meta-analysis was carried out to attain a conclusive estimate of the association between
VDR
gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and urolithiasis risk.
Methods
The major databases, including ISI Web of science, Scopus, and PubMed/MEDLINE were searched systematically from until June 2020 to retrieve all relevant studies. Association between
VDR
gene polymorphisms, including FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236), BsmI (rs1544410), and ApaI (rs7975232), and urolithiasis risk was evaluated using pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, to seek for the potential source of heterogeneity, meta-regression analyses were exerted.
Results
Literature search led to finally finding of 33 studies evaluating the
VDR
gene SNPs and urolithiasis risk. It was observed that none of the four SNPs were significantly associated with urolithiasis predisposition. However, subgroup analysis confirmed higher risk of urolithiasis in East-Asian and Caucasian population with ApaI and
TaqI
gene polymorphism. The analyses of sensitivity acknowledged the results stability.
Conclusion
Although this meta-analysis did not support the association of
FokI, TaqI, BsmI
, and
ApaI
in the overall polled analysis, it suggests that
ApaI
and
TaqI
SNPs is associated with increased risk of urolithiasis in East-Asian and Caucasians populations.