Association of Wound Infection with Various Surgical Technique Applied for Appendectomy in Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients

Abstract

Background: Perforated appendix in diabetic as well as hypertensive patients is associated with elevated risks of postoperative infectious complications such as wound infection and intra-abdominal abscess. Objective: To identify better appendectomy procedure for diabetic and hypertensive patients. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery, Unit l, Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur from 10th October 2020 to 9th April 2021. Methodology: Ninety eight patients meeting the criteria of perforated appendix were divided in two groups; one group consisted of 49 patients who were managed by open surgical procedure. Second group was consisted of 49 patients who were managed by laparoscopic surgical procedure. Patient outcomes in-terms of wound infections, operative time and duration of surgery was assessed. Results: Mean age of patients was 25.49±6.03 years. There were 17 hypertensive while 15 diabetic patients. Wound infection was seen in 21% and 28% open surgery diabetic and hypertensive patients respectively in comparison to 10%and 8% in laparoscopic appendectomy diabetic and hypertensive patients respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is associated with significantly lower rates of post-operative wound infections and shorter hospital stay in comparison to open appendectomy in diabetic and hypertensive patients of perforated appendicitis. Key Words: Perforated appendix, laparoscopic, open appendectomy