Association of Younger Age With Poor Glycemic and Cholesterol Control in Asians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Singapore

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents is increasing in both poor and rich countries. Epidemiologic studies have reported significant and continuous associations between HbA1c level and diabetes-related vascular complications. Younger adults with early exposure to hyperglycemia are at high risk for end-organ damage. Few studies have reported the relationship of age to glycemic control in patients with T2DM world-wide and little comparison among young adults and elderly patients especially in the Asian population. This study investigates the relationship of age and glycemic control in Asian patients with T2DM attending primary care clinics in Singapore.

Factors associated with glycemic control in people with diabetes at the Family Health Strategy in Pernambuco

“…Although the literature indicates this association between glycemic control and healthy lifestyle, a positive statistical relationship between the variables of this context and glycemic control was not found, and was a result also observed in other studies developed in the PHC (19) . The BMI variable was inversely related to glycemic control, unlike that found in other studies (5,9,20) . The most likely explanation for this result is the understanding of the causal relationship between the explanatory variable and the outcome variable: adequate glycemic control can cause weight gain instead of weight gain improving glycemic control (21)(22) .…”

“…People with DM having more contact with FHS were more likely to have inadequate glycemic control; a result found in other studies in the context of PHC (20) . This result suggests that FHS action should be rethought so that participants with adequate glycemic control have a higher frequency of contacts with the health system, thus decreasing the probability of progressing to a clinical picture of inadequate glycemic control.…”

Predictors of poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients in South Indian population

“…This study shows that younger age was significantly associated with poor glycemic control like other studies. [16][17][18] Self-management behaviors among younger patients might be low compared to older patients who could be more motivated in taking care of their diabetes AMD more compliant with their diet and medications. 18 Furthermore, the study reported that instead of males, females were the majority of patients with DMT2 (59%) as more number of females were enrolled for the study.…”

Predictors of poor glycaemic control in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…(4,5) Unfortunately, glycaemic control remains poor, ranging between 40% and 60% worldwide. (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) Studies have shown that poor glycaemic control is associated with male gender, (11) Malay and Asian Indian ethnicities, (11,12) the presence of T2DM complications, (11,13) elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, (11,13,14) insulin use (14) and non-adherence to medications. (15) However, few studies have focused on T2DM in patients aged ≥ 60 years.…”