Associations among aspects of impulsivity and eating factors in a nonclinical sample

Lyke, Jennifer; Spinella, Marcello

doi:10.1002/eat.20025

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our results are also in line with previous studies reporting an association of eating psychopathology with the attention components of impulsiveness, but not with the executive ones [31]. In fact, the generators of the P3 elicited by target stimuli were comparably active in both BN patients and HCS, while the generators of the P3 elicited by irrelevant stimuli were hyperactive in patients with BN compared to HCS, thus demonstrating inappropriate allocation of attentional resources to irrelevant stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impulsiveness in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa: Electrophysiological Evidence of Reduced Inhibitory Control

Merlotti

Mucci²,

Volpe³

et al. 2013

Neuropsychobiology

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Objectives: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is associated with a deficit of self-regulatory control and impulsivity. The present study aimed to clarify whether an impaired inhibitory control due to hyperarousal underlies impulsivity in BN subjects. Methods: Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 17 female patients with BN and 17 healthy controls during a three-tone oddball task. ERP components related to inhibition of irrelevant distractor stimuli, as well as effortful processing, were analyzed. Standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) was used to assess ERP source activity. Results: Compared to healthy controls, BN patients showed reduced amplitude and shorter latency of the N200 (N2), increased amplitude and shorter latency of the target slow wave (SW), and higher amplitude of the P300 for distractor stimuli (P3a) and for targets (P3b). sLORETA showed the following: (1) higher activity of the P3a generators in the left parietal cortex, bilateral precuneus and right frontal and anterior cingulate for distractor stimuli and (2) lower activity of the SW generators in the left medial frontal gyrus, bilateral superior frontal, anterior cingulate and cuneus for target stimuli. The reduction of the N2 latency was associated with the Barratt scores for impulsiveness. Conclusions: The observed electrophysiological abnormalities suggest a condition of hyperarousal, with impaired suppression of irrelevant stimuli due to abnormal cortical activation and reduced signal-to-noise ratio. Our findings point to functional abnormalities within a neural system that subserves attention and self-regulatory control, which may contribute to impulsive behaviors in BN.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impulsiveness in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa: Electrophysiological Evidence of Reduced Inhibitory Control

Merlotti

Mucci²,

Volpe³

et al. 2013

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Even in non-clinical samples, impulsivity correlates with some aspects of eating behaviours, in particular eating disinhibition [103] , and seems to be a risk factor for ED behaviours [104] . A recent study on a large non-selected adolescent population sample found an association between bulimic behaviours and discontrol behaviours (bullying, truancy, excessive drinking, sexual dishinibition) [105] .…”

Section: Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressiveness, Anger and Eating Disorders: A Review

Truglia¹,

Mannucci

Lassi³

et al. 2006

Psychopathology

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Anger and aggressive behaviours, especially those self-directed, are frequent in subjects suffering from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. They increase the complexity of the clinical features, change the prognosis and cause a more difficult management of these disorders. In order to elucidate the complex relationships between eating disorders, anger and aggressiveness, the history of traumatic experiences, the prevalence of dissociative, obsessive, impulsive and compulsive symptoms, as well as the role of severe personality disorders in subjects suffering from anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and self-injurious behaviours are considered. In the final section of this paper, a model exploring such a relationship in the light of the undefined sense of self is described.

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“…We believe that the answer is yes, but important qualifications must be offered. First, impulsivity is a predictor of bulimic symptoms (Claes et al 2006;Lyke and Spinella 2004), but it is also thought that that there are subgroups of bulimia nervosa patients, some of who are compulsive rather than impulsive (Engel et al 2005). Our cognitive control model has specific relevance to understanding impulsivity-driven symptoms, but is unlikely to account for other pathways toward bulimia nervosa.…”

Section: Toward the Clinical Relevance Of Individual Differences In Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, higher levels of impulsivity have been linked to a wider variety of purging methods (e.g., vomiting, laxatives, diuretics: Stein et al 2004), as well as to an increased tendency toward other impulsive behaviors such as suicide attempts (Stein et al 2004) and self-harming behavior (Casillas and Clark 2002). Thus, there are multiple sources of data linking trait impulsivity to bulimic symptoms, with further suggestions that the presence of impulsive traits influences the form and severity of such symptoms (Claes et al 2006;Lyke and Spinella 2004).…”

Section: Impulsivity As a Risk Factor For Bulimic Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Control Moderates Relations Between Impulsivity and Bulimic Symptoms

et al. 2008

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The present study, involving 128 undergraduate participants, sought to better understand relations between trait impulsivity, cognitive control, and bulimic symptoms. Three models were contrasted. One model posited that impulsivity and cognitive control would be independent, non-interactive predictors of bulimic symptoms. A second model posited that cognitive control deficits would mediate relations between impulsivity and bulimic symptoms. A third model posited that relations between trait impulsivity and bulimic symptoms might be stronger among individuals lower in cognitive control relative to those higher in cognitive control. The latter moderation model was systematically supported across two measures of cognitive control and two measures of bulimic symptoms. Wider implications of the findings are discussed. For example, it is suggested that treatments facilitating higher levels of cognitive control can be recommended among patients high in impulsivity.

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Associations among aspects of impulsivity and eating factors in a nonclinical sample

Cited by 60 publications

References 13 publications

Impulsiveness in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa: Electrophysiological Evidence of Reduced Inhibitory Control

Impulsiveness in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa: Electrophysiological Evidence of Reduced Inhibitory Control

Aggressiveness, Anger and Eating Disorders: A Review

Cognitive Control Moderates Relations Between Impulsivity and Bulimic Symptoms

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