2005
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-04-0920
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Associations among Circulating Sex Hormones, Insulin-Like Growth Factor, Lipids, and Mammographic Density in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract: Objective: Hormone therapy use has been positively associated with mammographic density in several studies. However, few studies have examined the association between endogenous hormone levels and mammographic density. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of endogenous sex hormones, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and lipids with mammographic density in 88 overweight, postmenopausal women not taking hormone therapy. Methods: Percent density and dense area were evaluated as continuous measures using a com… Show more

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Cited by 67 publications
(81 citation statements)
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“…25 Also, in another study with a different reader, women from our study had significantly lower percent mammographic density compared with Caucasians from Hawaii and Arizona. 32 Our findings of a positive association between SHBG levels and mammographic density is in support of most, 14,15,19 but not all, 17,18 previous studies on this association. In 2002, Boyd et al reported a positive association between SHBG and prolactin and mammographic density, and an inverse association between freeestradiol and mammographic density, among 189 postmenopausal women.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
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“…25 Also, in another study with a different reader, women from our study had significantly lower percent mammographic density compared with Caucasians from Hawaii and Arizona. 32 Our findings of a positive association between SHBG levels and mammographic density is in support of most, 14,15,19 but not all, 17,18 previous studies on this association. In 2002, Boyd et al reported a positive association between SHBG and prolactin and mammographic density, and an inverse association between freeestradiol and mammographic density, among 189 postmenopausal women.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…15 Another American study found inverse associations between different estrogens and percent mammographic density, but only restricted to 43 overweight former HT users. 17 Two recent studies, 1 from the Nurses' Health Study and 1 from the European Prospective Investigation into Analyses are adjusted for age at screening, number of children, age at menopause, BMI and postmenopausal hormone therapy use (never, past use >3 years ago, past use <3 years ago).-2 Reported means are back-transformed from log-transformed estimated means.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Indigenous women with dense breasts had lower FSH levels and higher estradiol levels than those with non-dense breasts. The estradiol levels in postmenopausal women were equivalent to those observed in other studies, 29,30 which concluded that in postmenopausal women, mammographic density was inversely related to estradiol levels.…”
Section: -24supporting
confidence: 81%
“…Both in our study and in others, the number of children per indigenous woman was high, and the first delivery happened at an early age, thus resulting in many years of breastfeeding. 3,21,27,30 Parity is inversely associated with mammographic density, 31 and thus represents a protective factor against breast cancer. 32 It seems that the state of involution depends, in part, on parity: after successive pregnancies, stem cells and/or progenitor cells would accumulate in the mammary glands, and this has been observed in multiparous female mice.…”
Section: -24mentioning
confidence: 99%