Associations among Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Amaurosis Fugax in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Taiwan

Sun, Ming‐Hui; Ognoo, Nomin-Erdene

doi:10.3390/jcm11175088

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Despite these limitations, our study has the advantage of being a large-scale epidemiological study in an Asian population, whereas there are many RAO-related studies targeting Western populations . Additionally, the incidence rate of RAO, including noncentral RAO, which is not well known, was reported, and the mortality rate of RAO compared with the general population was also presented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Retinal Artery Occlusion and Related Mortality in Korea, 2005 to 2018

Hwang

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceIt remains unclear whether comorbidities in patients with retinal artery occlusion (RAO), a rare retinal vascular disorder, differ by subtype and whether mortality is higher.ObjectiveTo examine the nationwide incidence of clinically diagnosed, nonarteritic RAO, causes of death, and mortality rate in patients with RAO compared with that in the general population in Korea.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective, population-based cohort study examined National Health Insurance Service claims data from 2002 to 2018. The population of South Korea was 49 705 663, according to the 2015 census. Data were analyzed from February 9, 2021, to July 30, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe nationwide incidence of any RAO, including central RAO (CRAO; International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision [ICD-10] code, H34.1) and noncentral RAO (other RAO; ICD-10 code, H34.2) was estimated using National Health Insurance Service claims data from 2002 to 2018, with 2002 to 2004 as the washout period. Furthermore, the causes of death were evaluated and the standardized mortality ratio was estimated. The primary outcomes were the incidence of RAO per 100 000 person-years and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR).ResultsA total of 51 326 patients with RAO were identified (28 857 [56.2%] men; mean [SD] age at index date: 63.6 [14.1] years). The nationwide incidence of any RAO was 7.38 (95% CI, 7.32-7.44) per 100 000 person-years. The incidence rate of noncentral RAO was 5.12 (95% CI, 5.07-5.18), more than twice that of CRAO (2.25 [95% CI, 2.22-2.29]). Mortality was higher in patients with any RAO than in the general population (SMR, 7.33 [95% CI, 7.15-7.50]). The SMR for CRAO (9.95 [95% CI, 9.61-10.29]) and for noncentral RAO (5.97 [95% CI, 5.78-6.16]) showed a tendency toward a gradual decrease with increasing age. The top 3 causes of death in patients with RAO were diseases of the circulatory system (28.8%), neoplasms (25.1%), and diseases of the respiratory system (10.2%).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that the incidence rate of noncentral RAO was higher than that of CRAO, whereas SMR was higher for CRAO than noncentral RAO. Patients with RAO show higher mortality than the general population, with circulatory system disease as the leading cause of death. These findings suggest that it is necessary to investigate the risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease in patients newly diagnosed with RAO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Retinal Artery Occlusion and Related Mortality in Korea, 2005 to 2018

Hwang

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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“…Moreover, in our study, after excluding eyes with TMB, significant differences remained. TMB or amaurosis fugax, an important clinical symptomatic manifestation of CAS, 4 , 25 is linked with low retinal perfusion. Identifying these retinal microvascular changes during the asymptomatic phase of CAS may help clinicians to apply earlier implementations of treatment which may help slow down the progression of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is a complex disease that can result in a broad spectrum of neurological disorders, such as ischemic stroke 1 and dementia. 2 As the ophthalmic artery directly arises from the internal carotid artery (ICA), ophthalmic manifestations, such as visual impairment 3 and amaurosis fugax, 4 are commonly reported in patients with CAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Length of Carotid Plaque Impacts Retinal Microvascular Densities of Carotid Artery Stenosis Patients

Cao,

Wang,

Kwapong

et al. 2023

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose We explored the retinal microvascular changes in carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and their relationship with carotid plaque morphology. Methods All participants were diagnosed with carotid artery stenosis by a neurologist. Participants underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging. The degree and length of carotid plaque were obtained from the DSA tool. OCTA tool measured the densities in the superficial vascular complex (SVC) and deep vascular complex (DVC). Results One hundred seventeen patients with CAS patients were included in our data analysis. Eyes with ipsilateral stenosis had reduced retinal microvascular densities when compared to contralateral eyes in patients with CAS ( P = 0.016 for SVC, and P = 0.004 for DVC). Microvascular densities correlated with the length of carotid plaque ( P = 0.015 for SVC, and P = 0.022 for DVC) in our CAS cohort, although they did not correlate with the degree of carotid plaque ( P = 0.264 for SVC, and P = 0.298 for DVC). However, when stratified into moderate and severe subgroups, the degree of carotid plaque correlated with microvascular densities in patients with severe stenosis ( P = 0.045 for SVC, and P = 0.038 for DVC). Conclusions Our study suggests that OCTA can noninvasively detect retinal microvascular changes in patients with CAS and that these changes correlated with the length of the stenosis, but future studies are required to confirm these findings. Translational Relevance Noninvasive and rapid acquisition of the OCTA image might have the potential to be used as a screening tool to detect microvascular changes in carotid artery stenosis.

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“…In a study of the relationship between stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and amaurosis fugax (AF), the records of 173 patients with AF were retrospectively studied, in which 35.3% of patients were diagnosed with carotid stenosis (10.4% of cases had severe stenosis) [6]. According to the analysis of multivariant regression, there were significant correlations between carotid stenosis and ischemic heart disease, as well as between age and gender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates on Functional and Morphologic Features via State-of-the-Art Testing in Some Clinically Evident Ocular Diseases

Kurup

2023

JCM

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Associations among Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Amaurosis Fugax in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Taiwan

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Incidence of Retinal Artery Occlusion and Related Mortality in Korea, 2005 to 2018

Incidence of Retinal Artery Occlusion and Related Mortality in Korea, 2005 to 2018

Length of Carotid Plaque Impacts Retinal Microvascular Densities of Carotid Artery Stenosis Patients

Updates on Functional and Morphologic Features via State-of-the-Art Testing in Some Clinically Evident Ocular Diseases

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