Associations between chronotype, <i>MTNR1B</i> genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes in UK Biobank

Tan, Xiao; Ciuculete, Diana‐Maria; Schiöth, Helgi B.

doi:10.1111/joim.12994

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…MT1/MT2 has been widely studied in glucose metabolic disorders. The polymorphism of the MTNR1B locus encoding MT2 in humans has a strong correlation with impaired insulin secretion and elevated fasting blood glucose [ 111 ]. Clear evidence has also shown the critical role of MT1 in regulating glucose homeostasis in rodents.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Melatonin In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

Guan

Wang

Cao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Obesity and its complications have become a prominent global public health problem that severely threatens human health. Melatonin, originally known as an effective antioxidant, is an endogenous hormone found throughout the body that serves various physiological functions. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to its unique function in regulating energy metabolism, especially in glucose and lipid metabolism. Accumulating evidence has established the relationship between melatonin and obesity; nevertheless, not all preclinical and clinical evidence indicates the anti-obesity effect of melatonin, which makes it remain to conclude the clinical effect of melatonin in the fight against obesity. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of melatonin in regulating obesity-related symptoms, with emphasis on its underlying mechanisms. The role of melatonin in regulating the lipid profile, adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as the interactions of melatonin with the circadian rhythm, gut microbiota, sleep disorder, as well as the α7nAChR, the opioidergic system, and exosomes, make melatonin a promising agent to open new avenues in the intervention of obesity.

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Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Melatonin In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

Guan

Wang

Cao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…A study of 1014 non-shift working adults in Bangkok with prediabetes reported a significant association between late chronotype and higher HbA1c levels [ 13 ]. A recent study from the UK Biobank also showed that late chronotype increased the risk of T2DM [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese rural population: the Henan rural cohort study

et al. 2021

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Background The study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources. Methods A total of 37,276 participants (14,456 men and 22,820 women) were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Sleep information was assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the relationship of the midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with T2DM. Results Of the 37,276 included participants, 3580 subjects suffered from T2DM. The mean midpoint of sleep among the Early, Intermediate and Late groups were 1:05 AM ±23 min, 1:56 AM ±14 min, and 2:57 AM ±34 min, respectively. Compared to the Intermediate group, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2DM were 1.13 (1.04–1.22) and 1.14 (1.03–1.26) in the Early group and the Late group. Adjusted OR (95% CI) for T2DM compared with the reference (7- h) was 1.28 (1.08–1.51) for longer (≥ 10 h) night sleep duration. The combination of late midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration (≥ 9 h) increased 38% (95% CI 10–74%) prevalence of T2DM. These associations were more obvious in women than men. Conclusions Late and early midpoint of sleep and long night sleep duration were all associated with higher prevalence of T2DM. Meanwhile, midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration might have combined effects on the prevalence of T2DM, which provided potential health implications for T2DM prevention, especially in rural women. Trial registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015-07-06.

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“…Individuals are often classified as "Morning" chronotypes or "Evening" chronotypes, etc. Chronotype is genetically codetermined and has been associated with risk of various negative health endpoints, including DM in the UK Biobank (Archer et al 2018;Erren and Lewis 2019;Roenneberg et al 2003;Tan et al 2020). Chronotype and other timing characteristics of the CTS can differ by ethnicity, sex, and age (Archer et al 2018;Eastman et al 2015;Erren and Lewis 2019;Roenneberg et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal photoperiod associations with diabetes and chronotype prevalence in a cross-sectional study of the UK Biobank

Lewis

Morfeld

Mohren

et al. 2021

Chronobiology International

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Experimental studies indicate that perinatal light may imprint the circadian timing system, subsequently affect later life physiology, and possibly disease risk. We combined individual time-of-year of birth and corresponding latitude to determine perinatal photoperiod characteristics for UK Biobank participants (n = 460,761) and tested for associations with diabetes mellitus (DM, the pathophysiology of which is often linked with circadian disruption) and chronotype (a trait co-governed by the circadian timing system) prevalence in a cross-sectional investigation. The UK Biobank is a population-based cohort with a 5.5% participation rate (~9.2 million individuals were invited into the study between 2006 and 2010). We defined three groups based on photoperiods experienced in the 3 rd trimester of pregnancy and first 3 months post-birth time windows: (1) those who exclusively experienced non-extreme photoperiods (NEP, 8-16 hours), (2) those who experienced at least one extreme short photoperiod (ESP, <8 hours), and those who experienced at least one extreme long photoperiod (ELP, >16 hours). For individuals in each group and time window, mean daily photoperiod and relative photoperiod range (relative = relative to the mean) were calculated. Inclusion of relative photoperiod range adds dispersion information (relative change of photoperiods) to statistical models. Multivariable and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Increased 3 rd trimester relative range was associated with decreased odds of DM (OR 0.63 95%CI 0.49-0.81) in the NEP group, but increased odds of DM were detected for the ESP (OR 1.34, 95%CI 0.96-1.86) and ELP groups (OR 1.32, 95%CI 0.78-2.22). Increased 3 rd trimester relative range was associated with increased odds of being a "Morning" (OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.02-1.41) or "Evening" (OR 1.43, 95%CI 1.21-1.69) chronotype in the NEP group, but this was not observed in other groups. Additionally, different effect sizes and directions of association with DM were observed in different strata of ethnicity and chronotype and statistically significant odds ratio modifications were detected. In conclusion, perinatal photoperiod associations with DM and chronotype prevalence are detected in the UK Biobank. NEP, ESP, and ELP differences are speculated to be caused by a non-linear dose-response to photoperiods from 0-24 hours or by confounding due to artificial light playing a dominant role in ESP individuals and seeking darkness in ELP individuals. Ethnicity and chronotype may be important effect modifiers of perinatal photoperiod associations with DM. Potential for selection biases due to low UK Biobank participation rate disallows stating conclusions too strongly. Overall, further studies are needed to confirm different perinatal photoperiod associations with DM and chronotype. Further investigations into the hypothesized imprinting mechanism are also warranted.

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Associations between chronotype, MTNR1B genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes in UK Biobank

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

Associations of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese rural population: the Henan rural cohort study

Perinatal photoperiod associations with diabetes and chronotype prevalence in a cross-sectional study of the UK Biobank

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