Associations between combinations of 24‐h movement behaviors and physical fitness among Chinese adolescents: Sex and age disparities

Abstract

ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between 24‐h movement behaviors and adolescents' physical fitness, with sex difference and age disparity explored specifically.MethodsA total of 135 852 Chinese adolescents aged 13–22 years were included in this cross‐sectional study. Self‐reported 24‐h movement behavioral times, including moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), recreational screen, and sleep, were identified as meeting guidelines based on Canadian recommendations. Physical fitness indicator (PFI) was calculated through sex‐ and age‐specific z scores of body mass index, forced vital capacity, 50 m dash, sit‐and‐reach, standing long jump, body muscle strength, and endurance running, and then classified as: low level (<20th), middle level (20th–80th), and high level (>80th). Mixed effect logistic regression was applied to analyze the association, and interaction terms were constructed to prove the sex and age disparities.ResultsOnly 12.4% of adolescents aged 13–22 years met all three recommendations. The number of meeting guidelines exhibited a typical dose–response relationship with high level PFI (OR = 1.22 [95% CI: 1.19–1.25]), and in detail, meeting MVPA + recreational screen (OR = 2.29 [95% CI: 2.09–2.51]) or MVPA‐only (OR = 2.16 [95% CI: 1.93–2.41]) guidelines were better associated with high‐level PFI. Besides, meeting MVPA‐only guideline was proved with stronger association with high‐level PFI for boys (p‐interaction = 0.005). The dose–response relationship in boys of the number of guidelines met with PFI was stronger in 19‐ to 22‐year‐olds (p‐interaction <0.001) and 16‐ to 18‐year‐olds (p‐interaction = 0.001) than that in 13‐ to 15‐year‐olds.ConclusionThe prevalence of meeting 24‐h movement behaviors guidelines among Chinese adolescents aged 13–22 years was relatively low. It was associated with adolescents' physical fitness, with meeting MVPA + recreational screen or MVPA‐only guidelines bringing greater benefits, and sex difference and age disparity existing.

Association between meeting 24-h movement guidelines and health in children and adolescents aged 5–17 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…A total of 61 studies ( 15 – 75 ) assessed adherence to 24-h movement guidelines ( Supplementary Table S4 ). Out of these, 44 ( 16 – 25 , 27 – 34 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 42 , 43 , 46 – 59 , 61 – 65 , 67 , 69 – 74 ) reported the proportions of participants meeting none of the guidelines, 30 studies ( 17 – 25 , 28 – 31 , 36 , 40 , 42 , 43 , 46 , 49 – 51 , 53 , 55 , 61 , 63 , 65 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 74 ) reported meeting only one guideline, 30 studies ( 17 – 22 , 24 , 25 , 28 – 31 , 36 , 40 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 49 – 51 , 53 , 55 , 61 , 63 , 65 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 74 ) reported meeting two guidelines, and 60 studies ( 16 – 75 ) reported meeting all three guidelines. For the specific combi...…”

“…A total of 39 studies ( 16 – 75 ) reported overall adherence to 24-h movement guidelines. Regarding age group, 26 studies ( 16 , 20 , 21 , 23 – 25 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 – 37 , 48 , 54 , 56 , 59 – 62 , 66 , 67 , 70 , 71 , 74 ) focused on children and 22 studies ( 20 , 22 , 26 , 28 , 30 – 32 , 38 , 46 , 48 , 52 , 53 , 56 – 58 , 62 , 64 , 66 , 69 , 72 – 74 ) focused on adolescents. In terms of gender, 19 studies ( 15 , 20 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 47 , 51 , 53 , 55 , 62 , 63 , 65 , 75 ) included both boys and girls.…”

“…Regarding age group, 26 studies ( 16 , 20 , 21 , 23 – 25 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 – 37 , 48 , 54 , 56 , 59 – 62 , 66 , 67 , 70 , 71 , 74 ) focused on children and 22 studies ( 20 , 22 , 26 , 28 , 30 – 32 , 38 , 46 , 48 , 52 , 53 , 56 – 58 , 62 , 64 , 66 , 69 , 72 – 74 ) focused on adolescents. In terms of gender, 19 studies ( 15 , 20 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 47 , 51 , 53 , 55 , 62 , 63 , 65 , 75 ) included both boys and girls. In terms of geographical region, 18 different countries were identified, including 3 in Africa ( 16 , 25 , 54 ), 20 in Asia ( 16 , 22 , 30 , 34 , 37 ...…”

Exercise training and physical activity in children: Hard interval training or low hanging fruits to ensure normal growth and maturation for the sake of lifelong physical activity?

“…Based on this, it can be concluded that slightly more than 4 h of physical activity per day, including some moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity activity too, is good goal for children to ensure that their normal growth and maturation as well as fitness develop well in youth. This is important for counteracting worrying global trends in physical (in)activity and fitness in young people 21,22 . It is not forbidden for adults either to try to accumulate as much as possible daily physical activity, in one way or another, to maintain or even increase physical fitness still in adulthood and aging.…”

“…This is important for counteracting worrying global trends in physical (in)activity and fitness in young people. 21,22 It is not forbidden for adults either to try to accumulate as much as possible daily physical activity, in one way or another, to maintain or even increase physical fitness still in adulthood and aging.…”