“…The research literature on collective action has focused largely on negative emotions such as anger (e.g., Musgrove & McGarty, 2008; Van Zomeren et al., 2008), discontent (Opp, 1998), hatred (Shuman et al., 2016), contempt (Tausch et al., 2011; Wagoner et al., 2021), guilt (Solak et al., 2017), shame (Shepherd et al., 2013), and sadness (Albright & Hurd, 2021), as well as fear and anxiety (Ayanian et al., 2021; Renström & Bäck, 2021). However, some studies have identified positive emotions that may facilitate or undermine collective action.…”