Associations between exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter and stroke incidence by stroke subtype in South London

Crichton, Siobhan; Barratt, Benjamin; Spiridou, Anastassia; Hoang, Uy; Liang, Shao Fen; Kovalchuk, Yevgeniya; Beevers, Sean; Kelly, Frank J.; Delaney, Brendan; Wolfe, Charles D A

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.009

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Of the 2 studies that we could find on stroke and air pollution that examined specific subtypes, the onset of TACI and LACI strokes seemed to be associated with PM pollution. 7,29 This corresponds with our observations of increased mortality linked to higher PM pollution levels for TACI and LACI strokes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The KCLurban model has been previously described 7 and has been well established in public health research. [21][22][23] The model provided annual mean concentrations for the pollutants at the geographical center of each postcode.…”

Section: Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 For the patients who survive, stroke continues to be associated with a higher risk of death for years after the event. [1][2][3][4] Outdoor air pollution, a well-known hazard to human health, 5,6 may be particularly harmful to people susceptible to stroke 7 and for survival after stroke. 8 Mortality 1 month after stroke is ≈25%, after 6 months is ≈33%, and after 1 year is ≈50%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The growing ability of urban air pollution models to separate PM into source-related components 7,15 may prove useful in this regard.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Exhaust- and Nonexhaust-Related Components of Particulate Matter on Long-Term Survival After Stroke

Desikan

Crichton

Hoang

et al. 2016

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Outdoor air pollution represents a potentially modifiable risk factor for stroke. We examined the link between ambient pollution and mortality up to 5 years poststroke, especially for pollutants associated with vehicle exhaust. Methods-Data from the South London Stroke Register, a population-based register covering an urban, multiethnic population, were used. Hazard ratios (HR) for a 1 interquartile range increase in particulate matter <2.5 µm diameter (PM 2.5 ) and PM <10 µm (PM 10 ) were estimated poststroke using Cox regression, overall and broken down into exhaust and nonexhaust components.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The growing ability of urban air pollution models to separate PM into source-related components 7,15 may prove useful in this regard.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Exhaust- and Nonexhaust-Related Components of Particulate Matter on Long-Term Survival After Stroke

Desikan

Crichton

Hoang

et al. 2016

Stroke

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“…However, the epidemiologic findings on PM and the risk of stroke were inconsistent, from no significant associations to positive associations ( 9 – 12 ). Moreover, few studies conducted in developing countries and distinguished the effects of PM on types of stroke ( 9 , 11 , 13 ). It is still not clear whether the effect of PM on ischemic stroke is the same with hemorrhagic stroke ( 12 , 14 , 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke Mortality

et al. 2018

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Background and Purpose: A large body of literature reported the association of particulate matter (PM) with stroke in high-income countries. Few studies have examined the association between PM and stroke in middle- and low-income countries and considered the types of stroke. In this study, we examined the short-term effects of particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM10) on ischemic stroke mortality and hemorrhagic stroke mortality in Beijing, China.Methods: We used an ecological study design and quasi-Poisson generalized additive models to evaluate the association of PM2.5 and PM10 and cerebrovascular diseases mortality, as well as ischemic- and hemorrhagic stroke mortality. In the model, we controlled long-term and season trends, temperature, and relative humidity, the day of the week and air pollution. For cerebrovascular diseases mortality, we examined the effects stratified by sex and age with different lag days.Results: A total of 48,122 deaths for cerebrovascular disease (32,799 deaths for ischemic stroke and 13,051 deaths for hemorrhagic stroke) were included in the study. PM2.5 was associated with stroke mortality. The 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 was associated with the increase of mortality, 0.27% (95% CI, 0.12–0.43%) for cerebrovascular diseases, 0.23% (95% CI, 0.04–0.42%) for ischemic stroke and 0.37% (95% CI, 0.07–0.67%) for hemorrhagic stroke -. The associations between PM10 and mortality were also detected for cerebrovascular diseases and ischemic stroke, but not in hemorrhagic stroke. The stratified analysis suggested age and gender did not modify the effects of PM on mortality significantly.Conclusions: Our study suggested that short-term exposure to ambient PM was associated with the risk of stroke mortality.

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Self-reported history of stroke and long-term living conditions near air pollution sources: results of a national epidemiological study in Lebanon

Salameh

Farah

Hallit

et al. 2018

Environ Monit Assess

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Stroke is a disease related to high mortality and morbidity, particularly in developing countries. Some studies have linked self-reported indoor and outdoor pollution to stroke and mini-stroke, while some others showed no association. Our objective was to assess this association in Lebanon, a Middle Eastern developing country. A national cross-sectional study was conducted all over Lebanon. In addition to self-reported items of pollution exposure, we assessed potential predictors of stroke and mini-stroke, including sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported health information, and biological measurements. Moreover, we assessed dose-effect relationship of pollution items in relation with stroke. Self-reported indoor pollution exposure was associated with stroke and mini-stroke, with or without taking biological values into account. Moreover, we found a dose-effect relationship of exposure with risk of disease, but this effect did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for sociodemographics and biological characteristics. No association was found for any outdoor pollution item. Although additional studies would be necessary to confirm these findings, sensitizing the population about the effect of pollution on chronic diseases, working on reducing pollution, and improving air quality should be implemented to decrease the burden of the disease on the population and health system.

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Associations between exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter and stroke incidence by stroke subtype in South London

Abstract: Outdoor air pollution, particularly that arising from vehicle exhausts, may increase risk of TACI but not other stroke subtypes.

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Exhaust- and Nonexhaust-Related Components of Particulate Matter on Long-Term Survival After Stroke

Effect of Exhaust- and Nonexhaust-Related Components of Particulate Matter on Long-Term Survival After Stroke

Acute Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke Mortality

Self-reported history of stroke and long-term living conditions near air pollution sources: results of a national epidemiological study in Lebanon

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