Associations Between Individual Lower-Limb Muscle Volumes and 100-m Sprint Time in Male Sprinters

Sugisaki, Norihide; Kobayashi, Kai; Tsuchie, Hiroyasu; Kanehisa, Hiroaki

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2016-0703

Cited by 45 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although previous studies have determined positive relationships between some morphological factors and 100‐m sprint performance, to the best of our knowledge, such beneficial morphological factors for long‐sprint performances (eg, 400‐m sprint) have not been identified. This background is associated with fact that physiological factors (eg, disturbance to homeostasis and fatigue resistance), rather than morphological factors, are required for achieving superior long‐sprint performance .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…As is well known, the maximal dynamic joint torque is strongly regulated by agonist muscle size . Thus, it can be speculated that knee extensor muscle size would relate to sprint performance; however, to the best of our knowledge, this relationship has not been demonstrated in previous studies …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In contrast, Kubo et al reported that there was no correlation between anterior thigh muscle thickness and personal best 100‐m sprint time in sprinters. Additionally, a series of studies by Sugisaki et al reported that the quadriceps femoris CSA and MV were not significantly correlated with sprint performance in sprinters. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has examined the relationship between muscle size and long‐sprint performance in 400‐m sprinters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Relationship between knee extensor moment arm and long-sprint performance in male 400-m sprinters

et al. 2018

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The magnitude of the knee extensor moment arm (MA) may be a key morphological factor in achieving superior 100-m sprint performance, potentially by enhancing maximal sprint velocity in sprinters. To further understand the advantage of a greater knee extensor MA in athletic events, we examined the relationship between knee extensor MA and long-sprint performance in well-trained 400-m specialized sprinters. Twenty-eight male 400-m sprinters and 28 physical sizematched male non-sprinters participated in this study. Quadriceps femoris size, evaluated by anatomic cross-sectional area (ACSA) and muscle volume (MV), and knee extensor MA were measured in participants using magnetic resonance imaging. The quadriceps femoris ACSA and MV, and knee extensor MA did not differ significantly between sprinters and non-sprinters. In sprinters, quadriceps femoris MV, but not ACSA, and knee extensor MA were significantly correlated with their 400-m personal best times. After adjusting for body height and/or body weight, it was found that significance remained only for knee extensor MA. These present findings suggest that in addition to 100-m sprinting, the magnitude of knee extensor MA may be a key morphological factor in achieving superior longsprint performance in well-trained 400-m specialized sprinters. K E Y W O R D Sground reaction force, joint torque, magnetic resonance imaging, muscle volume, quadriceps femoris muscle, sprint velocity

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Relationship between knee extensor moment arm and long-sprint performance in male 400-m sprinters

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, previous studies determined that superior 100-m sprint performance is related to greater ground reaction force during 100-m sprinting [15,40]. An increase in ground reaction force during 100-m sprinting is associated with larger sizes of some leg muscles because of the positive relationships between these muscle sizes and 100-m sprint performance [1,3,7]. In particular, previous studies determined that greater thigh muscles, including the quadriceps femoris and hamstring, correlated with better 100-m sprint performance in sprinters [1,3,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in ground reaction force during 100-m sprinting is associated with larger sizes of some leg muscles because of the positive relationships between these muscle sizes and 100-m sprint performance [1,3,7]. In particular, previous studies determined that greater thigh muscles, including the quadriceps femoris and hamstring, correlated with better 100-m sprint performance in sprinters [1,3,7]. When having a higher ratio of the tibial length to femoral length in 100-m sprinters, this morphology may be modeling smaller thigh muscles due to a necessary shortening of the thigh length, which may be disadvantageous in achieving superior 100-m sprint performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between leg bone length and sprint performance in sprinters; Are there any event-related differences in 100-m and 400-m sprints?

Tomita¹,

Suga²,

Terada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: This study examined the relationship between leg bone length and sprint performance in sprinters. The leg bone lengths in 28 100-m specialized sprinters and 28 400-m specialized sprinters were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The lengths of the upper and lower leg bones were assessed by calculating the lengths of the femur and tibia, respectively. To minimize differences in body size among participants, both bone lengths were normalized to body height. The ratio of the tibial length to femoral length was calculated to evaluate the interaction between the lengths of the upper and lower leg bones. International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) scores, based on the personal best times of the sprinters in each group were used as parameters for sprint performance. Results: There were no significant correlations between absolute and relative lengths of the femur and tibia and IAAF scores in both 100-m and 400-m sprinters. By contrast, the ratio of the tibial length to femoral length correlated significantly with IAAF score in 400-m sprinters (r = 0.445, P = 0.018), but not 100-m sprinters. These findings suggest that the leg bone lengths may play an important role in achieving superior long sprint performance in 400-m specialized sprinters.

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The Training of Short Distance Sprint Performance in Football Code Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Background Short-sprint (≤ 20 m) performance is an important quality for success in the football codes. Therefore, developing an evidence base for understanding training methods to enhance short-sprint performance is key for practitioners. However, current systematic reviews are limited by (1) a lack of focus on football code athletes, (2) a lack of consideration of all training modalities and (3) a failure to account for the normal training practices undertaken by intervention groups within their analysis. Therefore, this review aimed to (1) conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature evaluating training interventions upon short-sprint performance within football code athletes, (2) undertake a meta-analysis to assess the magnitude of change of sport-sprint performance following training interventions and (3) identify how moderator variables affect the training response. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to establish standardised mean difference with 95% confidence intervals. This identified the magnitude and direction of the individual training effects of intervention subgroups (primary, secondary, combined-specific, tertiary and combined training methods) on short-sprint performance while considering moderator variables (i.e., football code, sex, age, playing standard, phase of season). Results 121 studies met the inclusion criteria, totalling 3419 athletes. Significant improvements (small-large) were found between pre- and post-training in short-sprint performance for the combined, secondary, tertiary and combined-specific training methods. No significant effect was found for primary or sport only training. No individual mode was found to be the most effective. Between-subgroup analysis identified that football code, age, playing standard and phase of season all moderated the overall magnitude of training effects. Conclusions This review provides the largest systematic review and meta-analysis of short-sprint performance development methods and the only one to assess football code athletes exclusively. Practitioners can apply combined, secondary and tertiary training methods to improve short-sprint performance within football code athletes. The application of sport only and primary methods does not appear to improve short-sprint performance. Regardless of the population characteristics, short-sprint performance can be enhanced by increasing either or both the magnitude and the orientation of force an athlete can generate in the sprinting action. Trial Registration OSF registration https://osf.io/kshqn/.

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Associations Between Individual Lower-Limb Muscle Volumes and 100-m Sprint Time in Male Sprinters

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Relationship between knee extensor moment arm and long-sprint performance in male 400-m sprinters

Relationship between knee extensor moment arm and long-sprint performance in male 400-m sprinters

Relationship between leg bone length and sprint performance in sprinters; Are there any event-related differences in 100-m and 400-m sprints?

The Training of Short Distance Sprint Performance in Football Code Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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