Associations between Medical Student Empathy and Personality: A Multi-Institutional Study

Costa, Patrício; Alves, Raquel Diana Carneiro; Neto, Isabel; Marvão, Pedro; Portela, Miguel; Costa, Manuel João

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089254

Cited by 118 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is a low cost alternative which has great potential benefits 12 . In Portugal 13 , it was also discovered that personality has a significant predictive value on empathy and is closely associated with the ability to be open to new experiences and students' kindness. This suggests paying attention to personality.…”

Section: Empathy In Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Empathetic Orientation in Dentistry students from Latin America. Literature review.

Vera¹

2014

Joralres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Empathy, defined as 'the capacity to relate to someone else's perspective or mental state', has a strong impact on the physician-patient relationship and has the potential to improve the quality of health care. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) measures empathy in terms of quantity. It was created to assist medical students, physicians, and people related to health care in general and it has been validated into Spanish showing adequate psychometric properties. The concern for empathy in dentistry students is related to the need for training not only technically, but also socially skilled professionals, since social abilities have a strong impact on performance as well as in the patient's appreciation and satisfaction. The goal of this report is to show all the studies using the JSE scale for measuring empathy in dentistry students from Latin America. The reviewed studies show the empathy levels vary in Latin-American dentistry students when comparing gender and class year variables. Also, there is a tendency to find higher empathy levels when it comes to women's performance and that of those soon to be graduate. However, the criteria did not account for more than 20% of the variance of empathy in these studies. Therefore, it would be necessary to keep researching in this field, taking different predictor variables into consideration in order to understand what factors are associated with the presence and intensity of empathy, and their impact in clinical practice. Keywords: Empathy, students, dentistry.Orientación empática en estudiantes de odontología de Latinoamérica. Revisión de la literatura.Resumen: La empatía, definida como la "Identificación mental y afectiva de un sujeto con el estado de ánimo de otro" tiene un fuerte impacto en la relación médico-paciente y tiene el potencial de mejorar la calidad de la atención en salud. La Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), es una escala que mide cuantitativamente la empatía. Fue creada para estudiantes de medicina, médicos y estudiantes y trabajadores de otras carreras de la salud y fue validada al idioma castellano demostrando propiedades psicométricas adecuadas. La preocupación por la empatía en los estudiantes de odontología se relaciona con la necesidad de formar profesionales competentes, no sólo en el aspecto técnico, sino también en las habilidades sociales, las que tienen un gran impacto en el rendimiento, así como en la apreciación y satisfacción del paciente. El objetivo de la presente revisión es presentar todos los estudios en que se ha aplicado la escala JSE en estudiantes de odontología de Latinoamérica. Según lo encontrado, la empatía presenta un comportamiento variable en los estudiantes de odontología latinoamericanos, al comparar variables sexo y año de la carrera, existiendo una tendencia a mostrar mayores niveles de empatía en el sexo femenino y en los cursos superiores, sin embargo, en ninguno de los estudios estas variables explicaron más allá del 20% de la varianza de la empatía. Por lo mismo, resulta necesario seguir investigando s...

show abstract

Section: Empathy In Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Empathetic Orientation in Dentistry students from Latin America. Literature review.

Vera¹

2014

Joralres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Scores of the JSE have also been linked to the “big five” personality factors such as Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, and Extraversion in medical students in Portugal (Costa et al 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students

Hojat

DeSantis

Shannon³

et al. 2018

Adv in Health Sci Educ

196

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) is a broadly used instrument developed to measure empathy in the context of health professions education and patient care. Evidence in support of psychometrics of the JSE has been reported in health professions students and practitioners with the exception of osteopathic medical students. This study was designed to examine measurement properties, underlying components, and latent variable structure of the JSE in a nationwide sample of first-year matriculants at U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine, and to develop a national norm table for the assessment of JSE scores. A web-based survey was administered at the beginning of the 2017–2018 academic year which included the JSE, a scale to detect “good impression” responses, and demographic/background information. Usable surveys were received from 6009 students enrolled in 41 college campuses (median response rate = 92%). The JSE mean score and standard deviation for the sample were 116.54 and 10.85, respectively. Item-total score correlations were positive and statistically significant (p < 0.01), and Cronbach α = 0.82. Significant gender differences were observed on the JSE scores in favor of women. Also, significant differences were found on item scores between top and bottom third scorers on the JSE. Three factors of Perspective Taking, Compassionate Care, and Walking in Patient’s Shoes emerged in an exploratory factor analysis by using half of the sample. Results of confirmatory factor analysis with another half of the sample confirmed the 3-factor model. We also developed a national norm table which is the first to assess students’ JSE scores against national data.

show abstract

“…(15,16) In one crosssectional study of medical students, agreeable individuals were shown to be more empathetic than non-agreeable individuals. (17) Medical students were also more extroverted compared to their non-medical peers. It is known that both extroverts and introverts make good doctors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

How the personalities of medical students at the National University of Singapore differ from those of the local non-medical undergraduate population: a cross-sectional study

Lean

Hong

2018

smedj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Associations between Medical Student Empathy and Personality: A Multi-Institutional Study

Cited by 118 publications

References 38 publications

Empathetic Orientation in Dentistry students from Latin America. Literature review.

Empathetic Orientation in Dentistry students from Latin America. Literature review.

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students

How the personalities of medical students at the National University of Singapore differ from those of the local non-medical undergraduate population: a cross-sectional study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About