Associations Between Night Sleep Duration and Fasting Glucose and Triglyceride To High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Among Adults Free of Type 2 Diabetes or Without Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background We aim to assess the associations between night sleep duration and fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, and body mass index (BMI) among adults free of type 2 diabetes (T2D) or without diagnosed T2D. Methods We analyzed the baseline data of a cohort. We included adults free of T2D or without diagnosed T2D who completed the validated questionnaire, biochemical and anthropometric measurements. Independent association between sleep duration and FG, TG/HDL-C, BMI was evaluated with multiple U-shaped or linear regressions. Results We included 32497 adults with a median of 44 years, 52.5% men. Overall, 12.80% and 9.67% reported night sleep duration <7h and ≥9h, 6.91% were with impaired FG and 3.57% had undiagnosed T2D. Sleep duration was independently U-shaped associated with FG [β1 (linear term) =-0.111, P=0.047; β2 (quadratic term) =0.008, P=0.026] with 6.9-hour sleep had the lowest FG, and negatively associated with BMI (β = -0.154, P<0.001). BMI mediated U-shaped association of sleep duration with TG/HDL-C (β1=-0.040, P=0.017; β2 = 0.003, P=0.023). Conclusions Both short and long night sleep was associated with elevated FG, shorter sleep was associated with increased BMI. BMI mediated the U-shaped association between sleep duration and TG/HDL-C.