Associations between olfactory dysfunction and cognition: a scoping review

Jacobson, Patricia T.; Vilarello, Brandon J.; Tervo, Jeremy P.; Waring, Nicholas A.; Gudis, David A.; Goldberg, Terry E.; Devanand, D. P.; Overdevest, Jonathan B.

doi:10.1007/s00415-023-12057-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Olfactory and gustatory functions are emerging as potential biomarkers for cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases [ 31 ]. Accordingly, previous studies [ 22 , 30 ] on both sexes indicated that chemosensory deficits were associated with an age-related decline in cognitive functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlations between Gustatory, Olfactory, Cognitive Function, and Age in Healthy Women

Sanna,

Castelli,

Mostallino

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Aging is a progressive physiological degeneration associated with a decline in chemosensory processes and cognitive abilities and a reduction in synaptic plasticity. The biological bases of ageing are still not completely understood, and many theories have been proposed. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of age-related changes affecting the chemosensory function (gustatory and olfactory) and general cognitive abilities and their potential associations in women. To this aim, 319 women (the age ranging from 18 to 92 years) were recruited and divided into four different age groups: 18–34 years, 35–49 years, 50–64 years, and ≥65 years. Our results confirmed that in women, gustatory, olfactory, and cognitive functions decline, though in a different manner during aging. Olfactory and cognitive function showed a slight decline along the first three age classes, with a dramatic decrease after age 65 years, while gustatory function decreased more gradually. Olfactory and gustatory deficits may have a high degree of predictivity for general cognitive function as well as for specific cognitive subdomains such as visuospatial/executive abilities, language, memory, and attention. Our study highlighted the importance of using chemosensory assessments for the early diagnosis of cognitive decline and for the development of appropriate personalized risk prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, and in keeping of the potential role of chemosensory alterations as a prodromic factor of pathological outcomes such as dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and others [ 8 , 31 ], additional regression analyses were also performed with the aim to develop predictive models for cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between Gustatory, Olfactory, Cognitive Function, and Age in Healthy Women

Sanna,

Castelli,

Mostallino

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Одним из возможных идентификаторов болезней головного мозга является обоняние -одно из центральных физиологических функций полости носа [8]. Описано большое количество возможных патогенетических путей нарушения чувства, отмечено возможное влияние нарушений микробиома полости носа, хронических патологий верхних дыхательных путей на развитие болезней центральной неровной системы (ЦНС) [9].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Morphological changes in the neuroepithelium of the olfactory zone of the nasal cavity in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis

Elizbaryan,

Lazareva,

Chuprinenko

et al. 2024

Medicinskij sovet

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Introduction. The polymorphism of clinical manifestations of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis determines the need for a detailed scientific approach in the study of pathogenetic mechanisms.Aim. To study the morphological manifestations of disorders of the neuroepithelium of the olfactory zone of the nasal cavity in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis.Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective analysis of biopsic specimens as well as clinical and functional parameters of 16 patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis, who were divided into two groups: treatment group (A) and comparison group (B), aged 25 to 65 years (average age 53 ± 14.3 years). The study subset included 7 men and 9 women. We assessed the main clinical manifestations: radiologic abnormalities in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses evaluated according to the Lund-Mackay score, olfactometry and MoCA test in addition to a pathomorphological examination of olfactory neuroepithelium biopsied from the nasal cavity and determination of the chronic inflammation activity index using a histological activity score.Results. In all patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis in the symptom complex, there was a violation of the sense of smell in the variants of hyposmia (50%) and anosmia (50%). The presence of neurocognitive disorders according to the MOS test was detected in 70% of patients. During morphological examination, pathological disorders in the olfactory zone of the nasal cavity were caused by atrophy of nerve fibers and lympho-macrophage infiltration involving mixed glands (variable range – mild/moderate/severe). All the analyzed signs were directly dependent on the duration of the disease and the severity of the lesion.Discussion. Analysis of radiologic findings according to the Lund-MacKay score combined with the age of the patients and duration of the disease confirms the rationale of conducted study and its topicality.Conclusion. The revealed pathological changes in the neuroepithelium of the nasal cavity in the olfactory zone were observed only in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis and were directly dependent on the duration of the disease and the form of the inflammatory process.

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Small effects of olfactory identification and discrimination on global cognitive and executive performance over 1 year in aging people without a history of age-related cognitive impairment

Martinec Nováková,

Georgi,

Vlčková

et al. 2024

Physiology & Behavior

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Associations between olfactory dysfunction and cognition: a scoping review

Cited by 5 publications

References 90 publications

Correlations between Gustatory, Olfactory, Cognitive Function, and Age in Healthy Women

Correlations between Gustatory, Olfactory, Cognitive Function, and Age in Healthy Women

Morphological changes in the neuroepithelium of the olfactory zone of the nasal cavity in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis

Small effects of olfactory identification and discrimination on global cognitive and executive performance over 1 year in aging people without a history of age-related cognitive impairment

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