Associations between osteoarthritis and duration and quality of night-time rest in dogs

Smith, Melissa A.; Mendl, Michael; Murrell, Joanna C

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105661

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This may explain why enrichment and social interactions are not highly correlated; dogs with chronic pain may engage more with object play rather than social play as it allows them greater control the situation and remove themselves when necessary. Additionally, dogs with chronic pain are reported to have more sleep disturbances and spend less time resting ( 57 , 58 ), which may negatively impact emotional state and sociality, culminating in poor welfare. Alternatively, owners may restrict dogs from engaging in play or other social activities to pain, leading to social isolation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does chronic pain impact the lives of dogs: an investigation of factors that are associated with pain using the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid

Malkani,

Paramasivam,

Wolfensohn

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionChronic pain can profoundly affect the wellbeing of dogs and our understanding is limited regarding the multidimensional impact it has on dog quality of life. This study aimed to assess the factors that are significant and predictive of behavior problems in dogs using the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid (AWAG) to further understand what factors influence their welfare.MethodsSeventy six AWAG assessments were undertaken across 46 dogs that clinicians diagnosed as having musculoskeletal conditions that caused chronic pain. Wilcoxon-rank sum tests were used to assess the difference in scores between dogs with behavior disorders and a cohort of healthy dogs (n = 143).ResultsAll physical factors besides body condition, and all psychological, environmental, and procedural factors were significantly different between healthy dogs and dogs with chronic pain, evidencing how chronic pain impacts all domains of a dog’s life. Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient (RS) revealed several significant strong positive correlations such as the association between the severity of clinical symptoms with poorer mobility and the frequency at which the dog experienced fearful stimuli. Logistic regression showed that fears and anxieties frequency, the dog’s reaction to stressors, engagement with enrichment, and social interactions were significant predictors of chronic pain in dogs.DiscussionThis highlights that typical signs of musculoskeletal disorders such as gait changes, stiffness, lameness might manifest after behavioral changes such as increased fearfulness, prolonged recovery from a stressful event, a reduced interested in social interactions, toys or play. Owners only seeking veterinary attention when the presence of physical signs of disease are evident may result in a delayed veterinary attention resulting in reduced welfare. Regular veterinary assessments combined with use of the AWAG can proactively identify these behavioral indicators and result in prompt treatment and improved quality of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does chronic pain impact the lives of dogs: an investigation of factors that are associated with pain using the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid

Malkani,

Paramasivam,

Wolfensohn

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…It must be noted, however, that other diseases, including osteoarthritis and canine cognitive dysfunction, can also cause restlessness. [40][41][42][43] Disturbances in sleeping position, that is, sleeping sitting up or with a toy in mouth, occurred more in both dogs with a high OREI value of over 5 compared to dogs with lower OREI, and in brachycephalic dogs compared to normocephalic dogs. Two normocephalic dogs, a Norwich Terrier and a Lancashire Heeler, rarely or sometimes slept sitting up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, daytime sleepiness can be difficult to interpret for the owner, but our results suggest that nighttime restlessness could be a sign of SDB in dogs. It must be noted, however, that other diseases, including osteoarthritis and canine cognitive dysfunction, can also cause restlessness 40‐43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of risk factors for sleep‐disordered breathing in dogs

Niinikoski,

Himanen,

Tenhunen

et al. 2024

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundBrachycephalic dogs display sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB). The risk factors for SDB remain unknown.ObjectivesTo identify risk factors for SDB. We hypothesized that brachycephaly, increasing severity of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), excess weight, and aging predispose to SDB.AnimalsSixty‐three privately owned pet dogs were prospectively recruited: 28 brachycephalic and 35 normocephalic (mesaticephalic or dolicocephalic) dogs.MethodsProspective observational cross‐sectional study with convenience sampling. Recording with the neckband was done over 1 night at each dog's home. The primary outcome measure was the obstructive respiratory event index (OREI). Body condition score (BCS) was assessed, and BOAS severity was graded for brachycephalic dogs.ResultsBrachycephaly was a significant risk factor for high OREI value (ratio of the geometric means 5.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.2‐9.9; P < .001) but aging was not (1.1, 95% CI 1.0‐1.2; P = .2). Excess weight, defined as a BCS of over 5/9, (3.5, 95% CI 1.8‐6.7; P < .001) was a significant risk factor. In brachycephalic dogs, BOAS‐positive class (moderate or severe BOAS signs) was a significant risk factor (2.5, 95% CI 1.1‐5.6; P = .03).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBrachycephaly decreases welfare in a multitude of ways, including disrupting sleep. Brachycephaly, increasing severity of BOAS and excess weight are risk factors for obstructive SDB.

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“…In addition, MS asked owners about any signs of osteoarthritis, including stiffness, pain, slowing down during walks, difficulty jumping or climbing, and this also informed group allocation. Further details are provided in Smith et al ( 2022 ), and information on the subjects is presented in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial working memory in a disappearing object task is impaired in female but not male dogs with chronic osteoarthritis

Smith,

Murrell,

Mendl

2024

Anim Cogn

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Chronic pain in humans is associated with impaired working memory but it is not known whether this is the case in long-lived companion animals, such as dogs, who are especially vulnerable to developing age-related chronic pain conditions. Pain-related impairment of cognitive function could have detrimental effects on an animal’s ability to engage with its owners and environment or to respond to training or novel situations, which may in turn affect its quality of life. This study compared the performance of 20 dogs with chronic pain from osteoarthritis and 21 healthy control dogs in a disappearing object task of spatial working memory. Female neutered osteoarthritic dogs, but not male neutered osteoarthritic dogs, were found to have lower predicted probabilities of successfully performing the task compared to control dogs of the same sex. In addition, as memory retention interval in the task increased, osteoarthritic dogs showed a steeper decline in working memory performance than control dogs. This suggests that the effects of osteoarthritis, and potentially other pain-related conditions, on cognitive function are more clearly revealed in tasks that present a greater cognitive load. Our finding that chronic pain from osteoarthritis may be associated with impaired working memory in dogs parallels results from studies of human chronic pain disorders. That female dogs may be particularly prone to these effects warrants further investigation.

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Associations between osteoarthritis and duration and quality of night-time rest in dogs

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

How does chronic pain impact the lives of dogs: an investigation of factors that are associated with pain using the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid

How does chronic pain impact the lives of dogs: an investigation of factors that are associated with pain using the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid

Evaluation of risk factors for sleep‐disordered breathing in dogs

Spatial working memory in a disappearing object task is impaired in female but not male dogs with chronic osteoarthritis

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