Associations between partial foot amputation level, gait parameters, and minimum impairment criteria in para-sport: A research study protocol

Oliveira, Fábio Carlos Lucas de; Williamson, Samuel H.; Ardern, Clare L.; Heron, Neil; Rensburg, D. Christa Janse Van; Jansen, Marleen G.T.; O’Connor, Seán; Schoonmade, Linda J.; Thornton, Jane S; Pluim, Babette M

doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2021.11.001

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The searching and selection processes followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and aligned with the scoping review methodological framework 13. The protocol of this scoping review was previously registered at the Open Science Framework Registry (https://osf.io/8gh9y) and published 14…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the level of partial foot amputation and gait: a scoping review with implications for the minimum impairment criteria for wheelchair tennis

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThis scoping review examines how different levels and types of partial foot amputation affect gait and explores how these findings may affect the minimal impairment criteria for wheelchair tennis.MethodsFour databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus) were systematically searched in February 2021 for terms related to partial foot amputation and ambulation. The search was updated in February 2022. All study designs investigating gait-related outcomes in individuals with partial foot amputation were included and independently screened by two reviewers based on Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews.ResultsTwenty-nine publications with data from 252 participants with partial foot amputation in 25 studies were analysed. Toe amputations were associated with minor gait abnormalities, and great toe amputations caused loss of push-off in a forward and lateral direction. Metatarsophalangeal amputations were associated with loss of stability and decreased gait speed. Ray amputations were associated with decreased gait speed and reduced lower extremity range of motion. Transmetatarsal amputations and more proximal amputations were associated with abnormal gait, substantial loss of power generation across the ankle and impaired mobility.ConclusionsPartial foot amputation was associated with various gait changes, depending on the type of amputation. Different levels and types of foot amputation are likely to affect tennis performance. We recommend including first ray, transmetatarsal, Chopart and Lisfranc amputations in the minimum impairment criteria, excluding toe amputations (digits two to five), and we are unsure whether to include or exclude great toe, ray (two to five) and metatarsophalangeal amputations.Trial registrationThe protocol of this scoping review was previously registered at the Open Science Framework Registry (https://osf.io/8gh9y) and published.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the level of partial foot amputation and gait: a scoping review with implications for the minimum impairment criteria for wheelchair tennis

et al. 2022

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“…With regard to unilateral lower limb amputees, two classes are acknowledged by World Para-Athletics and by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) [33]: Class T63, where competitors are "athletes with single through knee or above knee limb deficiency competing with a prosthesis", and Class T64, where competitors are "athletes with unilateral below knee limb deficiency competing with a prosthesis" [33]. It is suggested that increased inter-limb asymmetry exists in lower limb amputees, with asymmetry being related to the proximity level of the amputation [34][35][36]. Nevertheless, past research has examined the biomechanical parameters of elite-level long jumpers with transtibial and transfemoral amputation [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], as well as with upper arm amputation [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-Limb Asymmetry in the Kinematic Parameters of the Long Jump Approach Run in Female Paralympic-Level Class T63/T64 Athletes

García-Fresneda,

Panoutsakopoulos,

Padullés Riu

et al. 2024

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inter-limb asymmetry in the kinematic parameters of the approach run in elite-level female Class T63/T64 long jumpers and its relationship to performance. Three Class T63 and nine Class T64 female long jumpers were examined during a competition. The temporal and kinematic parameters of their approach steps (step length: SL; step frequency: SF; average step velocity: SV) were measured using a panning video method and speed radar. The symmetry angle was the measure of inter-limb asymmetry. The results revealed that SF and SV were significantly (p < 0.05) larger in the intact lower limb. Significant (p < 0.05) asymmetry was revealed for SL, SF, and SV in 2/12, 3/12, and 1/12 jumpers, respectively. The direction of asymmetry for SF was towards the leg wearing the prosthesis for all examined jumpers. The official jump distance was significantly (p < 0.05) positively correlated with the maximum velocity attained during the approach and negatively correlated with the symmetry angle for SF. It is concluded that the observed asymmetry in SF was compensated for by the modifications observed in the SL that consequently resulted in no asymmetry in SV, leading the participants to effectively utilize their approach speed optimally in terms of long jump performance.

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Associations between partial foot amputation level, gait parameters, and minimum impairment criteria in para-sport: A research study protocol

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Association between the level of partial foot amputation and gait: a scoping review with implications for the minimum impairment criteria for wheelchair tennis

Association between the level of partial foot amputation and gait: a scoping review with implications for the minimum impairment criteria for wheelchair tennis

Inter-Limb Asymmetry in the Kinematic Parameters of the Long Jump Approach Run in Female Paralympic-Level Class T63/T64 Athletes

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