Associations between Participation in School Sport Clubs, Self-Rated Health and Psychological Well-Being in a Representative Sample of South Korean Adolescents

Participation in Physical Education Classes, Psychological Well-Being, and Sleep Satisfaction Among South Korean Adolescents

“…Descriptive statistics were calculated to estimate means and standard deviations (M ± SD) for continuous variables, and percentages (%) for categorical variables. A 'participation in PE class' interaction was tested as the associations between PE classes, psychological well-being, and sleep satisfaction may vary by gender and grades [28,29].…”

“…Furthermore, like gender differences, grade differences were also clearly indicated in this study, with high school students participating in school PE classes having higher subjective happiness and less stress than middle school students. This special nature of Korean education system, which values academic performance, could be explained as trying to get rid of the stress of high school students, especially through PAs in PE classes in school [29]. Securing high school PE classes, which are replaced by selfstudy hours or other major subjects -Korean, English, and math classes, is especially essential in high schools, where the burden of studying is heavier than in middle schools [29].…”

“…This special nature of Korean education system, which values academic performance, could be explained as trying to get rid of the stress of high school students, especially through PAs in PE classes in school [29]. Securing high school PE classes, which are replaced by selfstudy hours or other major subjects -Korean, English, and math classes, is especially essential in high schools, where the burden of studying is heavier than in middle schools [29].…”