Associations Between Peripheral Artery Disease and Ischemic Stroke

Abstract

Background and Purpose-Although peripheral artery disease (PAD) has a particularly poor prognosis compared with vascular disease in other territories, little attention is paid to its epidemiology, treatment, and prevention. Despite the high prevalence of PAD in patients with stroke, and of stroke in patients with PAD, PAD is omitted from all guidelines for treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of stroke, although coronary artery disease risk is considered. Therefore, routine PAD screening is seldom undertaken and so disease is probably often missed. Summary of Review-This review evaluates epidemiology of PAD in patients with stroke and of stroke in patients with PAD. The role of the ankle-brachial pressure index; imaging and novel markers in risk prediction of PAD in patients with stroke; and treatment and prevention of PAD are reviewed. Conclusions-In

CHADS₂ Score and Risk of New-onset Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Patients without Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

“…In addition, several studies have reported that the CHADS2 score can be used to predict subsequent cardiovascular events and new-onset AF in non-AF populations [11][12][13] . As an older age, hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure and stroke are all risk factors for PAOD [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] , our recent cross-sectional study demonstrated that the CHADS2 score is significantly associated with an ankle-brachial index (ABI) of 0.9 in non-AF patients 14) . However, divided the study patients into four groups: group 1 (score 0), group 2 (score 1-2), group 3 (score 3-4) and group 4 (score 5-6).…”

“…This condition shares similar risk factors with both coronary artery and cerebrovascular disease. Risk factors for PAOD include an advanced age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, race, obesity, elevated inflammatory markers and so on [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . The CHADS2 score is a useful and well-known clinical score for assessing the risk of stroke in patients with AF 8,9) .…”

“…Major risk factors for PAOD include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, an advanced age and cigarette smoking 1,2) . In addition, chronic kidney disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, race, obesity and elevated inflammatory markers have also been reported to be associated with PAOD onset [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . The CHADS2 score is a simple and reliable clinical score for assessing the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) 8,9) .…”

Association between the CHADS2 Score and an Ankle-Brachial Index of ＜0.9 in Patients without Atrial Fibrillation

“…PAOD is a systemic atherosclerotic process for whichthemajorriskfactorsaresimilartoatherosclerosisinthecoronaryandcarotidarteries 6) .Majorrisk factors for PAOD include an advanced age, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and hypertension [6][7] . In addition, chronic kidney disease, race, obesity, elevated inflammatory markers, stroke and congestiveheartfailurehavealsobeenreportedtobe associatedwithPAOD [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . The CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension,age≧75years,diabetes,priorstroke)scoreis a reliable, simple and popular clinical score that is usedtoassesstheriskofstrokeinpatientswithatrial surementwasperformedonceineachpatient.…”

The Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) in Primary Care

“…The risk of a myocardial infarction or death increases significantly after a transient ischemic attack or stroke (Touze et al, 2005). The presence of PAD significantly increases your risk of a vascular event also (Banerjee et al, 2010). Of particular importance is the fact that asymptomatic PAD is a significant predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (Hooi et al, 2004).…”