Associations between Postprandial Gut Hormones and Markers of Bone Remodeling

Abstract

Gut-derived hormones have been suggested to play a role in bone homeostasis following food intake, although the associations are highly complex and not fully understood. In a randomized, two-day cross-over study on 14 healthy individuals, we performed postprandial time-course studies to examine the associations of the bone remodeling markers carboxyl-terminal collagen type I crosslinks (CTX) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) with the gut hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY) using two different meal types—a standardized mixed meal (498 kcal) or a granola bar (260 kcal). Plasma concentrations of total GIP, total GLP-1, total PYY, CTX, and P1NP were measured up to 240 min after meal intake, and the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for each marker was calculated. The iAUC of CTX and P1NP were used to assess associations with the iAUC of GIP, GLP-1, and PYY in linear mixed effect models adjusted for meal type. CTX was positively associated with GIP and GLP-1, and it was inversely associated with PYY (all p < 0.001). No associations of P1NP with GIP or GLP-1 and PYY were found. In conclusion, the postprandial responses of the gut hormones GIP, GLP-1, and PYY are associated with the bone resorption marker CTX, supporting a link between gut hormones and bone homeostasis following food intake.

The association between normal serum sodium levels and bone turnover in patients with type 2 diabetes

“…In line with prior results ( 28 , 50 ), no significant association between serum sodium levels and BMD was observed in this study. This may be attributable to the inability of BMD values to accurately recapitulate bone changes in patients with T2D ( 2 ).…”

The Positive Relationship Between the Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/Apoprotein B Ratio and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

“…Although the present study observed an independent positive correlation between the LDL-C/Apo B ratio and BTMs, we failed to observe a correlation between the LDL-C/Apo B ratio and T-score. This was similar to other studies ( 26 , 41 ), which might ascribe to the fact that BMD or T-score could not fully reflect bone alternations in T2D.…”

Dietary Clostridium butyricum and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 modulate bone metabolism of broilers through the gut—brain axis

“…Decreased levels of the propeptide of type I procollagen and osteocalcin have negative effects on bone structure and mineralization in broilers ( Szulc et al, 2017 ). Moreover, gastrointestinal hormones are typically related to bone resorption-related markers and affect bone homeostasis ( Jensen et al, 2021 ). Increased AKP activity is primarily related to increased osteoblastic activity in broilers, and can be treated as a positive marker to evaluate bone health ( Asensio et al, 2020 ).…”