Associations between the maternal healthy lifestyle score and its individual components during early pregnancy with placental outcomes

Teo, Shevaun M.; Murrin, Celine; Mehegan, John; Douglas, Alexander D.; Hébert, James R.; Segurado, Ricardo; Kelleher, Cecily; Phillips, Catherine M.

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2023.06.001

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…PAE has previously been shown to alter glucocorticoid receptor and inflammatory signaling [45], as seen in a recent prospective birth cohort in Australia, where PAE was generally low to moderate [46]. In a prospective birth cohort in Ireland, in which the majority of women abstained or drank at low-moderate levels, a more pro-inflammatory diet was associated with larger placental weight [47]. By contrast, alcohol consumption was associated with smaller placental weight and a lower placenta-tobirthweight ratio, as has been previously demonstrated [8,48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Alterations in Placental Inflammation-Related Gene Expression Partially Mediate the Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Consumption on Maternal Iron Homeostasis

Masehi-Lano,

Deyssenroth,

Jacobson

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations in maternal and infant iron homeostasis that are consistent with changes seen in the setting of inflammation. We hypothesized that PAE leads to alterations in the placental expression of genes related to iron metabolism and inflammation that play functional roles in the teratogenic effects of alcohol on iron homeostasis. A total of 126 heavy-drinking women (≥1 oz (30 mL) absolute alcohol/day (~1.67 standard drinks/day) or women reporting binge drinking (≥2 drinks/occasion)) and 80 control women (<0.5 oz AA per day, no binging) in Cape Town, South Africa were interviewed prenatally regarding demographics, and alcohol, smoking, and drug use around conception and during pregnancy. Prenatal/maternal and infant hemoglobin and ferritin were measured. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis was performed on flash-frozen transplacental tissue samples. Gene sets related to iron metabolism (n = 398) and inflammation (n = 467) were constructed by searching the Molecular Signatures Database for related ontology terms. Principal component analysis (PCA) yielded 59 factors for each theme. In multivariable regression models, PAE was related to 2 iron metabolism PCA factors (PCs) and 5 inflammation PCs, among which 2 iron metabolism and 4 inflammation factors were related to at least 1 key maternal or infant iron outcome. In causal inference analyses based on marginal structural models and the product method, the alterations in the expression profile of genes with functions in immune cell regulation, cytokine activity, angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, and ubiquitous cell processes appeared to partially mediate the relation of prenatal drinking frequency (days/week) around conception to a lower maternal hemoglobin-to-log(ferritin) ratio (proportion mediation = 51.35%). These findings suggest that placental inflammation may be partly responsible for the differences in alcohol-related iron homeostasis patterns between pregnant and non-pregnant adults.

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