Associations between ultraviolet radiation, basal cell carcinoma site and histology, host characteristics, and rate of development of further tumors

Lovatt, Tracy; Lear, John T.; Bastrilles, J.Y.; Wong, Christina; Griffiths, Christopher E.M.; Samarasinghe, Venura; Roebuck, Jamie; Ramachandran, Sudarshan; Smith, Andrew G.; Jones, Peter W.; Fryer, Anthony A.; Strange, Richard C.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2004.08.060

Cited by 72 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Individually these parameters may not fully describe low or high exposures; limited time in the sun might allow adequate vitamin D synthesis if sufficient area is regularly exposed around midday (Luscombe et al, 2001). The parameters we studied were weakly correlated indicating each assessed different aspects of exposure and all contributed to an overall index (Bodiwala et al, 2003;Lovatt et al, 2005). BCC risk is related to sunburning in childhood and intermittent exposure; weekend (recreational) rather than weekday (occupational) exposure is important in determining risk (Karagas and Greenberg, 1995;Kricker et al, 1995;Corona et al, 2001;Wong et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Four hundred and forty-two males with one or more histologically proven BCC were recruited at the first presentation or during follow-up at the Dermatology Centre, Manchester from the approximately 1200 patients who attended the Centre during (Lovatt et al, 2005. Patients not recruited included those who were randomly missed in busy clinics, those who refused to participate and those with other serious pathology, including basal cell naevus syndrome or xeroderma pigmentosum.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of sunlight exposure in men with prostate cancer and basal cell carcinoma

et al. 2007

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Ultraviolet radiation exposure increases basal cell carcinoma (BCC) risk, but may be protective against prostate cancer. We attempted to identify exposure patterns that confer reduced prostate cancer risk without increasing that of BCC. We used a questionnaire to assess exposure in 528 prostate cancer patients and 442 men with basal cell carcinoma, using 365 benign prostatic hypertrophy patients as controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of sunlight exposure in men with prostate cancer and basal cell carcinoma

et al. 2007

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“…9,24 In the present study we assessed the effect of variants in the entire MC1R gene on population susceptibility to BCC, which is the most common skin cancer. Through direct DNA sequencing we detected 10 common and 23 rare variants in the gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MC1R variants associated susceptibility to basal cell carcinoma of skin: Interaction with host factors and XRCC3 polymorphism

Scherer

Bermejo

Rudnai

et al. 2007

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The variants within the human melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene are associated with an increased risk of different skin cancers. In this study, we genotyped by direct sequencing, 529 cases of basal cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC) and 533 healthy controls for polymorphisms in the entire MC1R gene. In addition to 10 common polymorphisms, we detected 23 rare variants in the gene. The presence of any nonsynonymous MC1R variant was associated with an increased risk in the carriers (odds ratio OR 1.66, 95% confidence interval CI 1.28-2.14) corresponding to a population attributable fraction of about 27%. The odds ratio for the risk in the carriers of 2 MC1R variants was 2.69 (95% CI 1.77-4.08). The risk of BCC in the carriers of MC1R variants with fair complexion was almost twice as much as in the corresponding noncarriers. The carriers of the R163Q variant with a medium skin complexion were at a 3-fold higher risk than the noncarrier counterparts. The interaction, of effect on the BCC risk, between the MC1R variants and types of skin response to sun exposure was greater than multiplicative. We also observed a multiplicative interaction of risk due to the MC1R variants and the common allele (high risk) of the T241M polymorphism in the XRCC3 gene. Our data confirmed the status of the nonsynonymous MC1R variants as independent genetic risk factors for BCC. However, the mechanism through which the variants influence the risk likely involves complex interactions with other genetic and host risk factors. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: MC1R; polymorphisms; basal cell carcinoma; complexion; interactions Skin pigmentation and DNA repair constitute intrinsic mechanisms evolved to prevent skin carcinogenesis. 1,2 Skin pigmentation, which inhibits DNA damage, manifests a preventive and DNA repair a corrective mechanism. A number of genes involved both in DNA repair and pigmentation, contingent to environmental and other historical selection constraints, are highly polymorphic. [3][4][5] Many of the polymorphisms in the genes involved in these processes, as a corollary, modulate the risk and contribute to the inter-individual differences in susceptibility to the skin cancers including basal cell carcinoma of skin (BCC). [6][7][8][9] The G-protein coupled Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) is a pivotal component in the pathway involved in the production of melanin in melanocytes. 10 Activation of MC1R by a-MSH (a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) leads to increased cellular cAMP. The levels of cAMP, through tyrosinase, control the switch over of synthesis from pheomelanin to photo protective eumelanin. 11 The gene encoding MC1R is highly polymorphic and many variants are associated with an increased risk of skin cancers. 12,13 More than 60 nonconservative variants of the receptor are known and at least 3 frequent variants are strongly associated with high risk phenotypes of red hair and fair skin (RHC alleles; R151C, R160W and D294H) in Caucasians. [14][15][16] Several studies have reported association between variants in the MC1R...

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“…It is known that this clinical subtype usually occurs in sun-exposed body areas, most commonly on the head, neck, and upper extremities. This may be the confirmation that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the main environmental risk factor for this tumor [4]. UVB radiation damages DNA and its repair system and alters the immune system, resulting in progressive genetic alterations and the formation of neoplasms [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The association between 331A/T polymorphism in the SHH gene and 385G/A polymorphism in the SMO gene and the development of basal cell carcinomas

Sobolewska-Sztychny¹,

Sobjanek²,

Wódz³

et al. 2014

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Introduction. Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most common of all cancers in the Caucasians, and their incidence has been rising in younger populations. BCC usually occurs in sun-exposed body areas, most commonly on the head, neck and upper extremities. Experimental data have shown that the sonic hedgehog pathway may be involved in BCC development, but the mechanism by which activation of the hedgehog pathway leads to carcinogenesis is still not clear. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the association between 331A/T polymorphism in the SHH gene and 385G/A polymorphism in the SMO gene and the development of basal cell carcinomas. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 142 Caucasians with histopathologically confirmed BCC and 142 healthy volunteers as a control group. All patients were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology in Lodz. Polymorphisms in SHH and SMO genes were assessed by RFLP-PCR. Results. Associations between 331A/T polymorphism in the SHH gene and 385G/A polymorphism in the SMO gene and the development of basal cell carcinomas were found. Additionally, significant differences in genotype distribution of all examined polymorphisms between BCC patients and controls were detected. Conclusions. The sonic hedgehog pathway is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma, the most common human cancer. A better understanding of the molecular background of this pathway might be useful for introduction of new therapeutic methods. STRESZCZENIEWprowadzenie. Raki podstawnokomórkowe (ang. basal cell carcinoma -BCC) to najczęstsze nowotwory u ludzi rasy kaukaskiej. W ostatnich latach obserwuje się wzrost częstości ich występowania w coraz młod-szych grupach wiekowych. Większość BCC zlokalizowana jest w okolicy eksponowanej na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe, tj. na głowie, szyi i kończynach górnych. Badania eksperymentalne wskazują na udział

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Associations between ultraviolet radiation, basal cell carcinoma site and histology, host characteristics, and rate of development of further tumors

Cited by 72 publications

References 22 publications

A comparison of sunlight exposure in men with prostate cancer and basal cell carcinoma

A comparison of sunlight exposure in men with prostate cancer and basal cell carcinoma

MC1R variants associated susceptibility to basal cell carcinoma of skin: Interaction with host factors and XRCC3 polymorphism

The association between 331A/T polymorphism in the SHH gene and 385G/A polymorphism in the SMO gene and the development of basal cell carcinomas

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